PREFACE The increasing demand on high data rate and quality of service in wireless communication has to cope with limited bandwidth and energy resources. More than 50 years ago, Shannon has paved the way to optimal usage of bandwidth and energy resources by bounding the spectral efficiency vs. signal to noise ratio trade-off. However, as any information theorist, Shannon told us what is the best we can do but not how to do it [1]. In this view, turbo codes are like a dream come true: they allow approaching the theoretical Shannon capacity limit very closely. However, for the designer who wants to implement these codes, at first sight they appear to be a nightmare. We came a huge step closer in striving the theoretical limit, but see the historical axiom repeated on a different scale: we know we can achieve excellent performance with turbo codes, but not how to realize this in real devices.

This book grew out of our research, industry consulting and con tinuing education courses. Turbo coding initially seemed to belong to a restricted research area, while now has become a part of the mainstream telecommu nication theory and practice. The turbo decoding principles have found widespread applications not only in error control, but in de tection, interference suppression and equalization. Intended for use by advanced students and professional engi neers, involved in coding and telecommunication research, the book includes both basic and advanced material. The chapters are se quenced so that the knowledge is acquired in a logical and progres sive way. The algorithm descriptions and analysis are supported by examples throughout the book. Performance evaluations of the presented algorithms are carried out both analytically and by sim ulations. Basic material included in the book has been taught to students and practicing professionals over the last four years in the form of senior undergraduate or graduate courses, lecture series and short continuing education courses.

Turbo Code Applications: a journey from a paper to realization presents c- temporary applications of turbo codes in thirteen technical chapters. Each chapter focuses on a particular communication technology utilizing turbo codes, and they are written by experts who have been working in related th areas from around the world. This book is published to celebrate the 10 year anniversary of turbo codes invention by Claude Berrou Alain Glavieux and Punya Thitimajshima (1993-2003). As known for more than a decade, turbo code is the astonishing error control coding scheme which its perf- mance closes to the Shannon’s limit. It has been honored consequently as one of the seventeen great innovations during the ?rst ?fty years of information theory foundation. With the amazing performance compared to that of other existing codes, turbo codes have been adopted into many communication s- tems and incorporated with various modern industrial standards. Numerous research works have been reported from universities and advance companies worldwide. Evidently, it has successfully revolutionized the digital commu- cations. Turbo code and its successors have been applied in most communications startingfromthegroundorterrestrialsystemsofdatastorage,ADSLmodem, and ?ber optic communications. Subsequently, it moves up to the air channel applications by employing to wireless communication systems, and then ?ies up to the space by using in digital video broadcasting and satellite com- nications. Undoubtedly, with the excellent error correction potential, it has been selected to support data transmission in space exploring system as well.

This book is devoted to one of the essential functions of modern telecommunications systems: channel coding or error correction coding. Its main topic is iteratively decoded algebraic codes, convolutional codes and concatenated codes.

6. 5 137 7 Performance of BTCs and 139 their Applications 7. 1 Introduction 139 7. 2 Some Results from the Literatures 139 7. 3 Applications of Block Turbo Codes. 142 7. 3. 1 Broadband Wireless Access Standard 144 7. 3. 2 Advanced Hardware Architectures (AHA) 145 7. 3. 3 COMTECH EF DATA 147 7. 3. 4 Turbo Concept 149 7. 3. 5 Paradise Data Com 150 Summary 7. 4 151 8 Implementation Issues 153 8. 1 Fixed-point Implementation of Turbo Decoder 153 8. 1. 1 Input Data Quantization for DVB-RCS Turbo Codes 155 8. 1. 2 Input Data Quantization for BTC 157 8. 2 The Effect of Correction Term in Max-Log-MAP Algorithm 159 8. 3 Effect of Channel Impairment on Turbo Codes 163 8. 3. 1 System Model for the Investigation of Channel Impairments 163 8. 3. 2 Channel SNR Mismatch 164 8. 3. 2. 1 Simulation Results 165 8. 3. 3 Carrier Phase Recovery 170 8. 3. 3. 1 The Effect of Phase Offset on the Performance of RM Turbo Codes 170 8. 3. 3. 2 The Effect of Preamble Size on the Performance of RM Turbo Codes 170 8. 3. 3. 3 Simulation Results 170 8. 4 Hardware Implementation of Turbo Codes 171 8. 5 Summary 175 9 177 Low Density Parity Check Codes 9. 1 Gallager Codes: Regular Binary LDPC Codes 177 9. 2 Random Block Codes 178 9. 2. 1 Generator Matrix 179 9. 2.

Trellis and turbo coding are used to compress and clean communications signals to allow greater bandwidth and clarity Presents the basics, theory, and applications of these techniques with a focus on potential standard state-of-the art methods in the future Provides a classic basis for anyone who works in the area of digital communications A Wiley-IEEE Press Publication

Covering the full range of channel codes from the most conventional through to the most advanced, the second edition of Turbo Coding, Turbo Equalisation and Space-Time Coding is a self-contained reference on channel coding for wireless channels. The book commences with a historical perspective on the topic, which leads to two basic component codes, convolutional and block codes. It then moves on to turbo codes which exploit iterative decoding by using algorithms, such as the Maximum-A-Posteriori (MAP), Log-MAP and Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm (SOVA), comparing their performance. It also compares Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (TTCM), Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) and Iterative BICM (BICM-ID) under various channel conditions. The horizon of the content is then extended to incorporate topics which have found their way into diverse standard systems. These include space-time block and trellis codes, as well as other Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) schemes and near-instantaneously Adaptive Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (AQAM). The book also elaborates on turbo equalisation by providing a detailed portrayal of recent advances in partial response modulation schemes using diverse channel codes. A radically new aspect for this second edition is the discussion of multi-level coding and sphere-packing schemes, Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) charts, as well as an introduction to the family of Generalized Low Density Parity Check codes. This new edition includes recent advances in near-capacity turbo-transceivers as well as new sections on multi-level coding schemes and of Generalized Low Density Parity Check codes Comparatively studies diverse channel coded and turbo detected systems to give all-inclusive information for researchers, engineers and students Details EXIT-chart based irregular transceiver designs Uses rich performance comparisons as well as diverse near-capacity design examples

This book investigates the permutation polynomial (PP) based interleavers for turbo codes, including all the main theoretical and practical findings related to topics such as full coefficient conditions for PPs up to fifth; the number of all true different PPs up to fifth degree; the number of true different PPs under Zhao and Fan sufficient conditions, for any degree (with direct formulas or with a simple algorithm); parallel decoding of turbo codes using PP interleavers by butterfly networks; upper bounds of the minimum distance for turbo codes with PP interleavers; specific methods to design and find PP interleavers with good bit/frame error rate (BER/FER) performance. The theoretical results are explained in great detail to enhance readers’ understanding. The book is intended for engineers in the telecommunications field, but the chapters dealing with the PP coefficient conditions and with the number of PP are of interest to mathematicians working in the field.