This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp 2006. The book presents 30 revised full papers, carefully reviewed and selected from 232 submissions. The papers address all current issues in the area of ubiquitous, pervasive and handheld computing systems and their applications. Topics include improving natural interaction, constructing ubicomp systems, embedding computation, understanding ubicomp and its consequences, and deploying ubicomp technologies.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp 2007. It covers all current issues in ubiquitous, pervasive and handheld computing systems and their applications, including tools and techniques for designing, implementing, and evaluating ubiquitous computing systems; mobile, wireless, and ad hoc networking infrastructures for ubiquitous computing; privacy, security, and trust in ubiquitous and pervasive systems.

This book is part of a two-volume work that constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2007, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in September 2007. It covers tangible user interfaces and interaction; cultural issues in HCI; safety, security, privacy and usability; visualizing social information; online communities and e-learning; children, games, and the elderly; as well as software engineering and HCI.

Advances in electronic location technology and the coming of age of mobile computing have opened the door for location-aware applications to permeate all aspects of everyday life. Location is at the core of a large number of high-value applications ranging from the life-and-death context of emergency response to serendipitous social meet-ups. For example, the market for GPS products and services alone is expected to grow to US$200 billion by 2015. Unfortunately, there is no single location technology that is good for every situation and exhibits high accuracy, low cost, and universal coverage. In fact, high accuracy and good coverage seldom coexist, and when they do, it comes at an extreme cost. Instead, the modern localization landscape is a kaleidoscope of location systems based on a multitude of different technologies including satellite, mobile telephony, 802.11, ultrasound, and infrared among others. This lecture introduces researchers and developers to the most popular technologies and systems for location estimation and the challenges and opportunities that accompany their use. For each technology, we discuss the history of its development, the various systems that are based on it, and their trade-offs and their effects on cost and performance. We also describe technology-independent algorithms that are commonly used to smooth streams of location estimates and improve the accuracy of object tracking. Finally, we provide an overview of the wide variety of application domains where location plays a key role, and discuss opportunities and new technologies on the horizon. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Global Positioning System / Infrared and Ultrasonic Systems / Location Esimation with 802.11 / Cellular-Based Systems / Other Approaches / Improving Localization Accuracy / Location-Based Applications and Services / Challenges and Opportunities / References

th Welcome to the proceedings of the 8 International Conference on Pervasive Computing (Pervasive 2010). After Toronto, Sydney and Nara, the conference has now returned to Europe. Pervasiveis one of the most important conferences in the area of pervasive and ubiquitous computing. Asinthepreviousyear,wehadtwocategoriesoftechnicalpapers:FullPapers and Notes. Pervasive attracted 157 valid submissions, from which the Technical Program Committee (TPC) accepted 24 full papers and one note, resulting in an overall acceptance rate of 16%. The submissions included 628 authors from 27 countries representing all the continents (except Antarctica). As we can see from these ?gures, Pervasive is a truly global highly competitive conference. A major conference such as Pervasive requires a rigorous and objective p- cess for selecting papers. This starts with the selection of a high-quality TPC. We were fortunate to be able to draw on the wisdom and experience of our 28 TPC members, from the most prestigious universities and research labs in - rope, North America, and Asia. This committee was aided by the input of no less than 238 external reviewers chosen on the basis of their domain knowledge and relevance to pervasive computing. The papers were selected using a double-blind review, with four peer reviews perpaper,adiscussionphaseamongthereviewers,andadiscussionofthepapers in the TPC meeting, which was held in Palo Alto during December 12-13, 2009. We thank Nokia Research Center for hosting the meeting.

"...a must-read text that provides a historical lens to see how ubicomp has matured into a multidisciplinary endeavor. It will be an essential reference to researchers and those who want to learn more about this evolving field." -From the Foreword, Professor Gregory D. Abowd, Georgia Institute of Technology First introduced two decades ago, the term ubiquitous computing is now part of the common vernacular. Ubicomp, as it is commonly called, has grown not just quickly but broadly so as to encompass a wealth of concepts and technology that serves any number of purposes across all of human endeavor. While such growth is positive, the newest generation of ubicomp practitioners and researchers, isolated to specific tasks, are in danger of losing their sense of history and the broader perspective that has been so essential to the field’s creativity and brilliance. Under the guidance of John Krumm, an original ubicomp pioneer, Ubiquitous Computing Fundamentals brings together eleven ubiquitous computing trailblazers who each report on his or her area of expertise. Starting with a historical introduction, the book moves on to summarize a number of self-contained topics. Taking a decidedly human perspective, the book includes discussion on how to observe people in their natural environments and evaluate the critical points where ubiquitous computing technologies can improve their lives. Among a range of topics this book examines: How to build an infrastructure that supports ubiquitous computing applications Privacy protection in systems that connect personal devices and personal information Moving from the graphical to the ubiquitous computing user interface Techniques that are revolutionizing the way we determine a person’s location and understand other sensor measurements While we needn’t become expert in every sub-discipline of ubicomp, it is necessary that we appreciate all the perspectives that make up the field and understand how our work can influence and be influenced by those perspectives. This is important, if we are to encourage future generations to be as successfully innovative as the field’s originators.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Pervasive Computing, PERVASIVE 2006, held in Dublin, Ireland, in May 2006. The 24 revised full papers presented here are organized in topical sections on activity recognition, location, sensors, sensor processing and platforms, toolkits and gaming, security, pointing, interaction and displays, and smart homes, and beyond.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Location- and Context-Awareness, LoCA 2006, held in Dublin, Ireland, in May 2006. The 18 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from 74 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on location sensing, mapping, privacy and access, context sensing, social context, representation and programming.

The disjuncture between the design intent of the developers of ICTs and the needs of the users has often led to surprising use of new technologies, as users have refused to become mere agents of the designers. Individual users have adopted their own uses of ICTs based on the complex webs of relations and meanings in which they function as social actors. Instead of adjusting these webs to new ICTs, they have fit the ICTs into their pre-existing social webs, often resulting in imaginative and creative uses of new technologies, not envisaged by the original designers. The contributions in this volume provide studies of such integrations of ICTs into the lives of human users, and demonstrate that such uses should not be regarded as 'faulty' or 'mistaken', merely because they 'fail' to meet the expectations of the original designers of the ICTs. Instead, human users should be given precedence over ICTs, and the creative uses of 'universal' technologies by individual users should be emphasised and studied, so as to move towards a better understanding and appreciation of the integration of ICTs into human lives. This book was originally published as special issue of The Information Society.