The life course method compares an individual's long-life and late-life behaviors to gauge one's mental decay. Arguing the life course approach is the best and simplest model for tracking mental development, Lawrence J. Whalley unlocks the mysteries of brain functionality, illuminating the processes that affect the brain during aging, the causes behind these changes, and effective coping strategies. Whalley identifies the genetic factors that determine the pace of aging and the behaviors, starting in childhood, that influence how we age. Through vignettes, charts, and tables, he composes an accessible book for patients, family members, and caretakers struggling to make sense of a complex experience.

This issue examines what is a healthy aging brain and covers preventive measures for succesful cognitive aging. Topics covered include: A road map to healthy aging brain; Cardiovascular risk factors, cerebrovascular disease burden and healthy aging brain; Healthy aging brain: Impact of head injury, alcohol and environmental toxins; Healthy aging brain: What has sleep go to do with it?; Endocrine aspects of healthy aging brain; Healthy aging brain: Role of exercise and physically active lifestyle; Healthy aging brain: Role of nutrition and nutritional supplements; Healthy aging brain: Role of cognitive reserve, cognitive stimulation and cognitive exercises; Healthy aging brain: Impact of positive and negative emotions; Dementia risk predictor. Are we there yet?; Potential future neuroprotective therapies for neurodegenerative disorders and stroke; Healthy aging brain: Importance of promoting resilience and creativity.

Assessments, Treatments and Modeling in Aging and Neurological Disease: The Neuroscience of Aging is a comprehensive reference on the diagnosis and management of neurological aging and associated disorders. The book discusses the mechanisms underlying neurological aging and provides readers with a detailed introduction to the aging of neural connections and complexities in biological circuitries, as well as the interactions between genetics, epigenetics and other micro-environmental processes. It also examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions of age-related conditions that affect the brain, including Alzheimer's, stroke and multiple sclerosis. - Provides the most comprehensive coverage of the broad range of topics related to the neuroscience of aging - Features sections on diagnosis and biomarkers of neurological aging, Alzheimer's and stroke - Contains an abstract, key facts, a mini dictionary of terms, and summary points in each chapter - Focuses on neurological diseases and conditions linked to aging, environmental factors and clinical recommendations - Includes more than 500 illustrations and tables

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are commonly viewed as the first and second most common types of dementia, respectively. The traditional paradigm has been to view and treat each illness as a separate entity with a separate pathophysiology. However, clinical and pathological studies suggest that the boundary separating AD and VaD, as well as their mild cognitive impairment (MCI) analogs, is not well defined. Thus, there is increased interest in viewing these diseases along a spectrum because of the significant overlap in the characterization and diagnosis of AD, VaD, and MCI. The focus of this edited volume is to examine how AD and VaD, as well as their MCI analogs, are best viewed as a heterogeneous, intersecting, if not a continuous disease state rather than separate, distinct entities. This book examines this approach by providing empirically based evidence, reviews of the literature, and chapters by key leaders in the field and will be of interest to clinical neuropsychologists and anyone studying or treating dementia in its many forms.

Cerebrospinal Fluid in Neurologic Disorders, Volume 146 provides a brief overview on the current use of CSF in clinical routine, the physiology of CSF, and its usefulness and potential as a biomarker. The second part addresses the main purpose of the volume, describing CSF from a research perspective in context with the most important diagnostic entities in neurology. The book's authors provide insight into the current understanding of CSF changes in these various conditions and what it tells us about the nature of neurological diseases. Furthermore, methodological aspects are discussed, as are shortcomings that need to be addressed. Finally, the book provides an outlook for potential directions that can be explored to improve the various aspects of CSF research with the ultimate goal of being incorporated in clinical practice. - Provides a brief overview on the current use of CSF in clinical routine, the physiology of CSF, and its usefulness and potential as a biomarker - Addresses relevant research in context with the most important diagnostic entities in neurology - Edited by leading authors in CSF research from around the globe, presenting the broadest, most expert coverage available

Foundations of Art Therapy: Theory and Applications is an essential and comprehensive introduction to the field of art therapy that blends relevant psychological and neuroscience research, theories, and concepts and infuses cultural diversity throughout each chapter. The text includes full color photos, informative charts, and case examples and is divided into four parts beginning with the basics of art therapy knowledge and concluding with professional practices in art therapy. The fundamentals of art therapy section includes coverage of art therapy founders, art materials, multicultural perspectives, intersections with neuroscience, and research methods. An overview and in-depth explorations of different theoretical approaches to the practice of art therapy are covered in the second part of the book. A bio-psycho-social approach integrates current research on art therapy with specific populations (children, mental health, older adults, and trauma). The book concludes with art therapy professional practices in group concepts, community-based art therapy, and developing a career in the field. Each chapter contains chapter objectives, practical applications, ethical considerations, reflection questions, experiential exercises, and a list of terms. The unique, practical, and interdisciplinary approach of this text provides a solid base for understanding the field of art therapy and is well suited for use in undergraduate art therapy courses. This book will appeal to those who want an introduction to the field's theories, research, and practice and those seeking a comprehensive understanding on the foundations of art therapy. - Full color photos, informative charts, and case examples - Definitions, key details, and clear explanations of major concepts - Evidence-based research and attention to diversity, equity, inclusion and justice in each chapter - Reader experiential activities and reflection questions to enhance deeper levels of processing - Instructor resources that include: chapter outlines, experiential classroom activities and lecture enhancements, multiple choice and short answer questions for each chapter

In his original essay on the shaking palsy (1817) James Parkinson remarked that the "senses and intellect were uninjured". Thus, it was only in later years that the complexity ofparkinsonism and in particular Parkinson's disease with dementia was recognised. Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease is common and is estimated to affect more than forty per cent of patients with disease onset after age 65. Recent studies suggest that pathology of Parkin son's disease now ranks second to Alzheimer's disease as the commonest sub strate of dementia in elderly patients. The condition is heterogeneous and there remain many complicated and unresolved questions concerning cause, diagnosis and classification. In an attempt to clarify these issues, scientists and members of the European Brain Bank Network (EBBN) gathered in London for a meeting entitled "Dementia in Parkinsonism". The resultant monograph is testimony to the wide-ranging clinical, morphological and biochemical aspects of this condition. We are grateful to all contributors for expressing their expert opinions and for being so generous with their time taken in prepa ration of the manuscripts. The meeting was funded by the Commission of the European Communities as part of a Biomed-l Programme. We wish to thank Amgen Limited, Lilly Industries Limited and Roche Products Limited for additional sponsorship. The expert secretarial assistance of R. Nani in the pre paration of this book has been very much appreciated. London, November 1997 S. E. Daniel F. F. Cruz-Sanchez A. J. Lees Contents Stern, G. : The language of the basal ganglia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .