This collection of scholarly essays and papers from the Royal Batavia Society for Arts and Sciences offers a fascinating window into the world of colonial science and learning in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) in the early 19th century. Featuring contributions from some of the leading thinkers and scholars of the day, the book covers a wide range of topics, including ethnography, archaeology, linguistics, and botany. This is a must-read for anyone interested in the history of science and colonialism. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Deals with examples of Buddhist and Sivaite dvarapalas or temple-guardians from mainland Southeast Asia, compared to examples from Indonesia which are still in situ, that is to say on their original location, within the architectural layout of Buddhist and Sivsite sanctuaries.