This book explores the lived experiences of people who interact with needle and syringe program services in Western Sydney, Australia, including participants and industry workers. It locates the research within the wider context of harm reduction and drug policies. It addresses the question "what do needle and syringe programs do?" and seeks to unpack the agency of human and non-human factors to consider the ‘more than human’ effects of these programmes. Alongside a critical materialist perspective used to interpret the empirical findings, the book demonstrates that needle and syringe programs create new possibilities for engaging with the world by changing the material conditions of illicit drug consumption. It draws on the conceptual contributions of post-humanist thinking from assemblage theory, actor-network theory, and cognate scholarship. Consideration is given to transferable findings and insights for international contexts. The book speaks to scholars and postgraduate students in the areas such as sociology, criminology, social work, critical public health, cultural studies, and related fields.

Syringe exchange programs and safe injection services are outside-the-box interventions increasingly being used by governments, nonprofits and citizens to address dire issues percolating in tandem with America's burgeoning opioid epidemic. People who inject drugs (PWID)--almost a million Americans annually--commonly use painkillers such as heroin and fentanyl, as well as methamphetamine, benzodiazepines, barbiturates and cocaine. Yet the users themselves are often obscured or marginalized by the bigger picture. This collection of essays covers policies and practices aimed at preventing both opioid-related deaths and related infections of hepatitis and HIV.

Das einzige evidenzbasierte Fachbuch zu viralen Lebererkrankungen, das sich ausschließlich mit schwierigen Situationen beschäftigt, mit denen sich klinische Hepatologen und das medizinische Personal immer wieder auseinandersetzen müssen. Auch wenn die virale Hepatitis weltweit auf dem Vormarsch ist und eine wachsende Bedrohung im Gesundheitswesen darstellt, ist für die Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) die Ausrottung von Hepatitisinfektionen mittelfristig ein erreichbares Ziel. Wirksame Medikamente und Therapien stehen zwar zur Verfügung, das medizinische Personal, das Patienten mit viraler Hepatitis betreut, steht aber immer wieder vor der Herausforderung, in der heutigen medizinischen Literatur Antworten auf spezifische Fragen zu finden. Die 2. Auflage von Clinical Dilemmas in Viral Liver Disease ist ein evidenzbasierter Leitfaden für medizinisches Personal in den Bereichen Diagnose, Behandlung und Management von Patienten mit viralen Lebererkrankungen. Das komplett überarbeitete Referenzwerk zeigt neue Behandlungs- und Diagnoseansätze, die beitragen, die WHO-Ziele zu erreichen. Die einzelnen Kapitel untersuchen klar umrissene Themenfelder, gehen auf klinische Fragestellungen und Schwierigkeiten ein, vor denen Mediziner tagtäglich stehen. International renommierte Forscher und Kliniker beschäftigen sich in ihren Beiträgen mit klinischen Fragen und Problemen, die anderen Standardwerken und Online-Datensammlungen vielfach unberücksichtigt bleiben. Dieses einzigartige Fachbuch bietet praktische Hilfestellung zu den spezifischen Herausforderungen und Kernfragen bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit viralen Lebererkrankungen: - Bietet praxisorientierte, evidenzbasierte Hilfestellung zu aktuellen und kontroversen Themen. - Beschäftigt sich mit Fragestellungen, die im Klinikalltag auftreten und bislang wenig untersucht wurden. - Erörtert die Herausforderungen rund um globale Programme zur Ausrottung von Hepatitisinfektionen. - Folgt einem zielgerichteten Ansatz und greift dabei auf aktuelle Literatur und Expertenmeinungen zurück. Die 2. Auflage von Clinical Dilemmas in Viral Liver Disease ist ein Muss für Hepatologen, Gastroenterologen, Transplantationschirurgen, Virologen und medizinisches Fachpersonal, das Patienten mit Lebererkrankungen betreut.

Principles of Addiction Medicine: The Essentials is a compact and portable distillation of the American Society of Addiction Medicine's flagship text, Principles of Addiction Medicine. This handbook present the clinically essential points from the larger text in an easy-to-follow outlined and bulleted format. Each chapter follows a template with structured headings such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic uses, effects, liability, and withdrawal. Principles of Addiction Medicine: The Essentials is an excellent reference for a wide variety of addiction medicine professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, social workers, internal medicine/primary care physicians, and substance abuse counselors.

This book explores the origins, history and organisation of the international system of narcotic drug control with a specific focus on heroin, cannabis and cocaine. It argues that the century-long quest to eliminate the production, trade in and use of narcotic drugs has been a profound failure. The statistics produced by the international and domestic narcotic drug control agencies point to a sustained expansion of the drug trade, despite the imposition of harsh criminal sanctions against those engaged, as producers, traffickers or consumers, in the narcotic drugs market. The roots of this major international policy failure are traced back to the outdated ideology of prohibition, which is shown to be counterproductive, utopian and a fundamentally inadequate basis for narcotic drug policy in the twenty-first century. Prohibition, championed by many US policy makers, has left the international community poorly positioned to confront those changes to the drug trade and drug markets that have resulted from globalisation. Moreover, prohibition based approaches are causing more harm than good, as is demonstrated through reference to issues such as HIV/AIDS, the environment, conflict, development and social justice. As the drug control system approaches its centenary, there are signs that the global consensus on narcotic drug prohibition is fracturing. Some European and South American states are pushing for a new approach based on regulation, decriminalisation and harm reduction. But those seeking to revise prohibition strategies faces entrenched resistance, primarily by the U.S. This important text argues that successive American governments have pursued a contradictory approach; acting decisively against the narcotic drug trade at home and abroad, while at the same time working with drug traffickers and producer states when it is in America's strategic interest. As a result, US policy approaches emerge as a decisive factor in accounting for the failure of prohibition.

With contributions from leading international academics across the social sciences, this accessible handbook takes a critical look at the key theories, disciplinary approaches, contemporary issues and debates in the field. · Part I Central Social Science Theories Drug and Alcohol Studies · Part II Pillars in Social Science Drug and Alcohol Studies · Part III Controversies and New Approaches in Social Science Drug and Alcohol Studies This Handbook is an excellent reference text for the growing number of academics, students, scientists and practitioners in the drug and alcohol studies community.

With HIV becoming the leading cause of infectious-disease mortality in Mainland China, this book focuses on tackling HIV/AIDS in the face of rapid political and economic change in China. Featuring contributions by over a dozen leading figures in the field, this book is the go-to text for any student or reader interested in how national and international organizations’ are attempting to control this epidemic. The book includes chapters on the epidemiology, treatment, and prevention of HIV, as well as several chapters that discuss in detail specific provincial- and national-level programs to control and treat HIV. It chronicles the Chinese government’s amazing about-face, as it replaced underfunded, non-evidence based policy decisions with successful, science-based approaches to disease control and prevention, including the adoption of once controversial needle-exchange programs and the establishment of a national HIV/AIDS data registry. It measures the success of national policy decisions, the implementation of treatment policies, and discusses the difficulty of accessing high-risk communities, including people who inject drugs, sex workers, and men who have sex with men – groups not easy to reach, study, engage in prevention programs, or treatment, for fear of stigmatization and loss of social status. Further, it documents the spread of HIV to other provinces, and the tragedy that befell repeat plasma donors in Henan and other poor provinces, where reused or improperly sterilized lab equipment caused some villages to have epidemic-level incidence rates. This book represents a positive contribution to the field of AIDS research, making vital, new information available to an interested readership.

Drug Law Reform in East and Southeast Asia is a multi-author look at drugs in East and Southeast Asia, on drug policy, patterns and trends, local problems, human rights abuses, treatment prospects, and potential reforms. From the history of drugs in Asia, the book examines recent trends in illicit drugs, especially the present enormous amphetamine problems. It addresses recent policy shifts, especially harm reduction responses to the devastating drug-associated HIV epidemics. It explores further necessary reform, especially in regard to the abysmally inhuman current emphasis on detention and the death penalty for drug offences, and present the most recent evidence on effective and humane approaches to drug treatments. As the first comprehensive collection on illicit drug and harm reduction in East and Southeast Asia, it will be a vital resource for health professionals, policymakers, and others working there—and elsewhere—on drug policy reform. As the first comprehensive collection on illicit drugs and harm reduction in East and Southeast Asia, it will be a vital resource for health professionals, policymakers, and others working on East and Southeast Asia—and elsewhere—on drug policy.

The science of the virus and its effects and the clinical approaches to its treatment and transmission prevention are placed in the context of the history and epidemiology of the HIV-AIDS pandemic. Each organ system of the body is explored as to manifestations of the disease, treatment now and in the future, as well as what the disease has taught us about the immune response. The science of epidemiology, which is so important in allowing for tracking of the disease and potential limitation of transmission, is another aspect of AIDS explored in detail. The pandemic manifests differently in different parts of the world, and the relevance of the volume is enhanced by its international group of contributors. No other text provides the historical and epidemiological context of this disease along with an update of diagnosis and treatment. The underlying science and epidemiology of AIDS are not neglected, so the student or clinician who is treating patients with AIDS can gain a full understanding of HIV/AIDS in individual patients and in their communities.

Praise for Handbook of HIV and Social Work "Cynthia Cannon Poindexter has given us a remarkable edited volume that contains much information on HIV that every professional social worker needs to know in order to practice competently in today's complex world."—From the Foreword by Vincent J. Lynch, MSW, PhD, Boston College Graduate School of Social Work "This comprehensive handbook assembles a group of social work scholars and practitioners to participate in, guide, and address many of the unresolved challenges characterizing the HIV debates. This handbook is a valuable and timely addition to the literature."—King Davis, MSW, PhD, The Robert Lee Sutherland Chair in Mental Health and Social Policy, The University of Texas at Austin School of Social Work "This handbook is an outstanding resource for the social work professional working to ensure equal access to care, treatment, and resources for all persons living with and/or affected by HIV."—Evelyn P. Tomaszewski, MSW, Project Director, NASW HIV/AIDS Spectrum: Mental Health Training and Education of Social Workers Project "This book is an excellent, up-to-date guide on HIV. It is an indispensable resource for all those who work with HIV and all its complications."—Leon Ginsberg, MSW, PhD, Dean Emeritus, University of South Carolina School of Social Work and Editor, Administration in Social Work The most current knowledge on the HIV pandemic in a thorough, diverse, and accessible volume This invaluable book draws on a distinguished roster of HIV advocates, educators, case managers, counselors, and administrators, assembling the most current knowledge into this volume. Handbook of HIV and Social Work reflects the latest research and its impact on policy and practice realities, with topics including: History, Illness, Transmission, and Treatment Social Work Roles, Tasks, and Challenges in Health Care Settings HIV-related Community Organizing and Grassroots Advocacy The Impact of HIV on Children and Adolescents HIV-affected Caregivers