This report provides information on WHO’s procurement activities in 2020. It covers procurement of goods and services, and also includes COVID-19-related procurement. The intended audience for the report is WHO staff, Member States, external partners and it is also available for general public consumption.

The report analyses Azerbaijan's efforts to build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement.

This timely book provides the first systematic analysis of global public procurement regulation and policy during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Through both thematic chapters and national case studies, this book: - explores the adequacy of traditional legal frameworks for emergency procurement; - examines how governments and international organisations have responded specifically to the pandemic; and - considers how the experience of the pandemic and the political impetus for reform might be leveraged to improve public procurement more broadly. Public procurement has been critical in delivering vital frontline public services both in the health sector and elsewhere, with procurement of ventilators, protective equipment and new hospitals all hitting the headlines. At the same time, procurers have faced the challenge of adjusting existing contracts to a new reality where, for example, some contracted services can no longer operate. Further, efficient and effective procurement will be an essential, and not a luxury, in the economic recovery. With case studies on Italy, the UK, the USA, India, Singapore, Africa, Latin America and China, the book brings together the world's leading academics and practitioners from across Europe, the Americas, Asia and Africa to examine these issues, providing an essential resource for policy makers, legislators, international organisations and academics.

Financing the Future explains how the unique governance arrangements and financial model of Multilateral Development Banks (MDB) shape their behavior. Outlining a theoretical framework suitable to the 30-odd MDBs around the world, the book uses this to show how different sets of MDBs are grappling with the challenges of the 21st century. This is the first book to explain the core of the MDB model as a unique class of international institution and shows how that model is playing out the traditional large MDBs, smaller borrower-led banks, and the two new MDBs recently created with the support of China. The combination of an original theoretical approach, rich quantitative and qualitative empirics, and clear writing means this book will appeal to both academic and practitioner audiences.

Following the extensive global impact of COVID-19, this forward-looking Research Handbook examines the pandemic from a public management perspective, exploring the roles and responses of public managers and considering how public organisations will be reshaped in the future.

Energy is linked to many of the sustainable development priorities, including public health, gender equality, food security, clean water, education, economic growth, youth and women’s empowerment and climate action. The absence of clean and sustainable energy has a significant adverse impact on the health and livelihoods of the poorest populations. Around 2.3 billion people, mostly in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), still mainly rely on inefficient and polluting fuels and stoves for daily cooking, exposing them to health-damaging emissions that result in millions of premature deaths each year. Health and livelihood risks are greatest for women and children as they are often tasked with cooking and gathering fuel. The traditional use of biomass for cooking also puts the environment and climate at risk by contributing to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. Around 1 billion people worldwide, mostly in poor and rural communities, are estimated to be served by health care facilities without any electricity or reliable power supply, and only one in two hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa has a reliable electricity supply. Without adequate and reliable power, essential medical devices cannot function, basic amenities remain out of reach and delivery of health care services is of substandard quality. Unless rapid action is taken, the world will not meet its targets under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement. In November 2018, during the first World Health Organization (WHO) Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, announced his vision to build a Health and Energy Platform of Action (HEPA) to enhance multisectoral collaboration between the health and energy sectors and mobilize the political and financial commitments needed to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 and 7. In response, WHO, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, in cooperation with the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and other key stakeholders, launched HEPA in May 2019, with an initial focus on improving health through promoting clean fuels and technologies for cooking and accelerating access to electricity for health care facilities. Following this announcement, in July 2020, HEPA members worked together to develop a strategic workplan with five overarching objectives to strengthen the cooperation between the health and energy sectors and elevate energy access as a key development priority area for public health, gender equity, climate and sustainable development more broadly (see Box 1). HEPA has gained significant momentum since its establishment in 2019. By October 2022 the platform had over 20 member organizations. All members are committed to working together and synergizing efforts on the ground to accelerate universal electrification of health care facilities and clean cooking. This HEPA action report summarizes the key activities and results achieved and highlights activities under each of HEPA’s five objectives.

This book explores the development of sustainable public procurement (SPP) as a strategic policy instrument to support decoupling of economic growth from environmental degradation and enhancing social well-being. Offering an in-depth case study of India’s SPP implementation trajectory, it discusses the challenges of integrating sustainability criteria into purchasing decisions, and examines policy choices and best practices to address them. It investigates the legislative, institutional, and governance framework for SPP in India, and identifies priority actions to accelerate wider uptake of SPP policy and practices. Furthermore, the book highlights the evolving role of SPP policies in response to emerging global mega trends, such as international trade, low carbon economy, circular economy, and Industry 4.0. Given its scope, this book appeals to scholars of economics, public administration, and environmental and social sciences, as well as to policymakers, practitioners, and advocates interested in steering transformational changes towards mainstreaming sustainable procurement practices in developing economies at the desired scale. "This book comes at the right time to compensate for the lack of in-depth works on the origins, nature and reality of the implementation of sustainable purchases.” - Farid Yaker, Programme Officer, Sustainable Public Procurement, Economy Division, UNEP, Paris, France. “...If you are a procurement or sustainability professional anywhere in the world, please read this book. It will change the way you think and feel about your profession.” - Shaun McCarthy OBE, Chair, Supply Chain Sustainability School, London, UK & Director, Action Sustainability, London, UK

Contemporary changes in law and policy at the global level to efficiently answer to environmental and social issues correspond to the traditional approach of limiting the regulatory and policy changes to a singular field or discipline: tackling the inherent unsustainability of corporate laws or incentivising the offering of sustainable finance to stimulate the transition towards sustainable practices. This book provides a new viewpoint and approach of simultaneously regulating seemingly non-connected fields in order to provide a fertile ground for a truly organic change towards sustainable outcomes. It addresses diverse questions of sustainable transition of the three specific fields to support sustainable practices in public procurement, private market transaction, and in educating future business leaders and legal experts by incorporating sustainable concerns as the underlying guiding principles of their conduct. It translates scientific findings into a practical format that can be used by diverse stakeholders searching for information and solutions in their respective professional fields. The underlying assumption is that a simultaneous action in the three respective fields of public procurement, corporate law, and higher education brings about more coherent and interconnected results that incentivise further action and changes towards sustainable practices. The book furthers the idea of policy coherence by building upon the findings in the field of public procurement, corporate law, and practice and higher education curricula. By identifying the barriers in the three respective fields for sustainable action and proposing solutions for either eliminating or minimising those barriers at the EU level, the book calls for further changes in the respective fields as well as for considering the spillover effects of these policies on other fields.

The Routledge Handbook of Public Procurement Corruption showcases the most innovative and exciting research being conducted in this important area of study, providing a comprehensive go-to reference for all who are interested in the topic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the global race for health and ancillary goods amid global supply chain disruptions demonstrated that, when tested, all countries are incredibly vulnerable to fraud and corruption in public procurement, irrespective of their level of development. Yet despite the widespread nature of the problem, there remains a lack of in-depth, analytical, and cross-country investigations into public procurement corruption. This book addresses this gap by providing a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, geographically balanced treatise on corruption in public procurement. It combines country-specific studies to allow readers to easily compare differing perspectives and approaches and overarching thematic chapters to reflect on new and cutting-edge issues in procurement and their implications for procurement corruption. Key sectors such as healthcare and infrastructure are considered, as well as the role of new technologies, in both combatting and enabling procurement corruption. This Handbook provides academics, practitioners, and graduate researchers of public administration, law, and anti-corruption with all of the tools they need to understand the nuances of public procurement corruption around the world.