A fish species can be called mesopelagic if it spends the day in the mesopelagic zone. The mesopelagic zone has been defined in different ways based on depth, temperature and light regimes. For the present purpose, depth seems to be the best criterion and mesopelagic fish can thus be defined as species generally spending the day at depths between approximately 200 and 1 000 m. Generally they perform a diel migration, coming to the upper 200 m or even to the surface during the night. The present report briefly reviews the systematics ecology and life history of important groups of mesopelagic fish. Further, some methods used for abundance estimation of these fish are described and discussed. The bulk of the report reviews the present knowledge of abundance and species composition of mesopelagic fish in each of the FAO statistical areas. Although the data in most cases are few, an attempt has been made to give tentative estimates of the biomass and production in the various areas. When available, information on the life history of the most important species in each area is also given.

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How do we take stock of the state and direction of the world’s environment, and what can we learn from the experience? Among the myriad detailed narratives about the condition of the planet, the Global Environment Outlook (GEO) reports—issued by the United Nations Environment Programme—stand out as the most ambitious. For nearly three decades the GEO project has not only delivered iconic global assessment reports, but through its multitude of contributors has inspired hundreds of similar processes worldwide from the regional to the local level. This book provides an inside account of the evolution of the GEO project from its earliest days. Building on meticulous research, including interviews with former heads of the United Nations Environment Programme, diplomats, leading contributing scientists, and senior leaders of collaborating organizations, the story is told from the perspective of five GEO veterans who all played a pivotal role in shaping the periodic assessments. The GEO’s history provides striking insights and will save valuable time to those who commission, design and conduct, as well as critique and improve, assessments of environmental development in the next decade.

This publication updates the regular reviews of the state of the world's marine fishery resources, based mainly on official catch statistics throughout 2002 and relevant stock assessment and other complementary information available until 2004. It considers the global situation and major trends of world marine capture fish production, with detailed information for each FAO statistical area about catches and current state of exploitation, major trends and developments and stock assessment work undertaken in support of fisheries management. Other issues covered include: tunas and tuna-like species resources, world squid resources, deepwater fisheries, and long-term climate variability.

The newly adopted post-2015 development agenda is centered on 17 sustainable development goals to be reached by 2030. This volume of the World Bank Legal Review looks at how law and justice systems can support the financing and implementation of these goals, including the role of the rule of law and economic and social rights. The contributors, including legal scholars, development practitioners, and financial experts, analyze the goals, explore ways in which they can be achieved, and examine ways that recent relevant law and justice programs have worked. A wide array of topics are covered, from the legal aspects of collecting and monitoring vital data, to improving legal identity programs, to creating innovative health care regulation, to legal and judicial reform, to providing private sector†“financing of public education projects to the provision of global public goods. Additionally, a special section on Europe looks at financial crisis management, enforcement of court decisions and the workings of the European Court of Justice. The opportunities and challenges of the 2030 agenda are many. This volume looks at both from multiple perspectives, demonstrating how sustainable development can go forward in a way in which everyone benefits.

This joint OECD/WTO report provides the first comprehensive picture of aid for trade and will enable the international community to assess what is happening, what is not, and where improvements are needed.