Algorithmic Learning in a Random World describes recent theoretical and experimental developments in building computable approximations to Kolmogorov's algorithmic notion of randomness. Based on these approximations, a new set of machine learning algorithms have been developed that can be used to make predictions and to estimate their confidence and credibility in high-dimensional spaces under the usual assumption that the data are independent and identically distributed (assumption of randomness). Another aim of this unique monograph is to outline some limits of predictions: The approach based on algorithmic theory of randomness allows for the proof of impossibility of prediction in certain situations. The book describes how several important machine learning problems, such as density estimation in high-dimensional spaces, cannot be solved if the only assumption is randomness.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory, ALT 2014, held in Bled, Slovenia, in October 2014, and co-located with the 17th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2014. The 21 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. In addition the book contains 4 full papers summarizing the invited talks. The papers are organized in topical sections named: inductive inference; exact learning from queries; reinforcement learning; online learning and learning with bandit information; statistical learning theory; privacy, clustering, MDL, and Kolmogorov complexity.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Statistical Learning and Data Sciences, SLDS 2015, held in Egham, Surrey, UK, April 2015. The 36 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on statistical learning and its applications, conformal prediction and its applications, new frontiers in data analysis for nuclear fusion, and geometric data analysis.

Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology provides a practical guide for forensic scientists, primarily anthropologists and pathologists, on how to design studies, how to choose and apply statistical approaches, and how to interpret statistical outcomes in the forensic practice. As with other forensic, medical and biological disciplines, statistics have become increasingly important in forensic anthropology and legal medicine, but there is not a single book, which specifically addresses the needs of forensic anthropologists in relation to the research undertaken in the field and the interpretation of research outcomes and case findings within the setting of legal proceedings. The book includes the application of both frequentist and Bayesian statistics in relation to topics relevant for the research and the interpretation of findings in forensic anthropology, as well as general chapters on study design and statistical approaches addressing measurement errors and reliability. Scientific terminology understandable to students and advanced practitioners of forensic anthropology, pathology and related disciplines is used throughout. Additionally, Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology facilitates sufficient understanding of the statistical procedures and data interpretation based on statistical outcomes and models, which helps the reader confidently present their work within the forensic context, either in the form of case reports for legal purposes or as research publications for the scientific community. - Contains the application of both frequentist and Bayesian statistics in relation to topics relevant for forensic anthropology research and the interpretation of findings - Provides examples of study designs and their statistical solutions, partly following the layout of scientific manuscripts on common topics in the field - Includes scientific terminology understandable to students and advanced practitioners of forensic anthropology, legal medicine and related disciplines

The conformal predictions framework is a recent development in machine learning that can associate a reliable measure of confidence with a prediction in any real-world pattern recognition application, including risk-sensitive applications such as medical diagnosis, face recognition, and financial risk prediction. Conformal Predictions for Reliable Machine Learning: Theory, Adaptations and Applications captures the basic theory of the framework, demonstrates how to apply it to real-world problems, and presents several adaptations, including active learning, change detection, and anomaly detection. As practitioners and researchers around the world apply and adapt the framework, this edited volume brings together these bodies of work, providing a springboard for further research as well as a handbook for application in real-world problems. - Understand the theoretical foundations of this important framework that can provide a reliable measure of confidence with predictions in machine learning - Be able to apply this framework to real-world problems in different machine learning settings, including classification, regression, and clustering - Learn effective ways of adapting the framework to newer problem settings, such as active learning, model selection, or change detection

This volume presents the proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Analogical and Inductive Inference (AII '94) and the Fifth International Workshop on Algorithmic Learning Theory (ALT '94), held jointly at Reinhardsbrunn Castle, Germany in October 1994. (In future the AII and ALT workshops will be amalgamated and held under the single title of Algorithmic Learning Theory.) The book contains revised versions of 45 papers on all current aspects of computational learning theory; in particular, algorithmic learning, machine learning, analogical inference, inductive logic, case-based reasoning, and formal language learning are addressed.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Workshops held at the 8th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, AIAI 2012, in Halkidiki, Greece, in September 2012. The book includes a total of 66 interesting and innovative research papers from the following 8 workshops: the Second Artificial Intelligence Applications in Biomedicine Workshop (AIAB 2012), the First AI in Education Workshop: Innovations and Applications (AIeIA 2012), the Second International Workshop on Computational Intelligence in Software Engineering (CISE 2012), the First Conformal Prediction and Its Applications Workshop (COPA 2012), the First Intelligent Innovative Ways for Video-to-Video Communiccation in Modern Smart Cities Workshop (IIVC 2012), the Third Intelligent Systems for Quality of Life Information Services Workshop (ISQL 2012), the First Mining Humanistic Data Workshop (MHDW 2012), and the First Workshop on Algorithms for Data and Text Mining in Bioinformatics (WADTMB 2012).

Ever wondered what the state of the art is in machine learning and data mining? Well, now you can find out. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition, held in Leipzig, Germany, in July 2007. The 66 revised full papers presented together with 1 invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 250 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, AIAI 2013, held in Paphos, Cyprus, in September/October 2013. The 26 revised full papers presented together with a keynote speech at the main event and 44 papers of 8 collocated workshops were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the volume. The papers of the main event are organized in topical sections on data mining, medical informatics and biomedical engineering, problem solving and scheduling, modeling and decision support systems, robotics, and intelligent signal and image processing.