This edited collection examines different aspects of the experience and significance of childhood, youth and family relations in minority religious groups in north-west Europe in the late medieval, Reformation and post-Reformation era. It aims to take a comparative approach, including chapters on Protestant, Catholic and Jewish communities. The chapters are organised into themed sections, on 'Childhood, religious practice and minority status', 'Family and responses to persecution', and 'Religious division and the family: co-operation and conflict'. Contributors to the volume consider issues such as religious conversion, the impact of persecution on childhood and family life, emotion and affectivity, the role of childhood and memory, state intervention in children's religious upbringing, the impact of confessionally mixed marriages, persecution and co-existence. Some chapters focus on one confessional group, whilst others make comparisons between them.

This entirely fresh narrative of the "British Reformations" focuses on the emotional as well as the material experience of living through the reformations in Britain during the sixteenth century. The Protestant reformations that took place in England and Scotland during the sixteenth century were, even by the standards of the period, unusually and uniquely fractious and complicated. By combining politics, theology, and culture – and by complementing its narrative with key documents from the period – this book arms readers to study, explore, and understand the British Reformations in new ways. More importantly, it considers this fascinating period in the round, understanding the reformations as a religious and cultural movement that had impacts upon politics, society, and individuals which combined to profound and lasting effects. Above all, it shows how an empathetic study of sixteenth-century religious and cultural history can expand our understanding of the past – and of how identities can form and be altered by powerful ideas and inspired individuals as well as mighty princes. Aided by a Who’s Who and Chronology, The Reformations in Britain is an invaluable resource for all students who study the religious and cultural history of sixteenth-century Britain.

The present case studies on early modern travelers, dispersed often by unintended consequences of war, curiosity, economic or political reasons in the Mediterranean, the Americas and Japan, ask for what ́power(s) ́ and agency they still had, perhaps counterintuitively, abroad.

"In the last thirty years, understandings of the European reformations have been transformed. A generation of scholars has demonstrated how radically wide-ranging these movements were. Across family life, politics, material culture and philosophy, the reformations are now at the very heart of our understanding not just of early modern Europe, but of religion and identity in general. This volume collects recent work from past and present members of the European Reformation Research Group, exploring key fronts in contemporary Reformation Studies, achieving a broad view of how historiography has developed in recent decades - and where it seems set to go next"--

Illegitimacy, Family, and Stigma is the first full-length exploration of what it was like to be illegitimate in eighteenth-century England, a period of 'sexual revolution', unprecedented increase in illegitimate births, and intense debate over children's rights to state support. Using the words of illegitimate individuals and their families preserved in letters, diaries, poor relief, and court documents, this study reveals the impact of illegitimacy across the life cycle. How did illegitimacy affect children's early years, and their relationships with parents, siblings, and wider family as they grew up? Did illegitimacy limit education, occupation, or marriage chances? What were individuals' experiences of shame and stigma, and how did being illegitimate affect their sense of identity? Historian Kate Gibson investigates the circumstances that governed families' responses, from love and pragmatic acceptance, to secrecy and exclusion. In a major reframing of assumptions that illegitimacy was experienced only among the poor, this volume tells the stories of individuals from across the socio-economic scale, including children of royalty, physicians and lawyers, servants and agricultural labourers. It demonstrates that the stigma of illegitimacy operated along a spectrum, varying according to the type of parental relationship, the child's race, gender, and socio-economic status. Financial resources and the class-based ideals of parenthood or family life had a significant impact on how families reacted to illegitimacy. Class became more important over the eighteenth century, under the influence of Enlightenment ideals of tolerance, sensibility, and redemption. The child of sin was now recast as a pitiable object of charity, but this applied only to those who could fit narrow parameters of genteel tragedy. This vivid investigation of the meaning of illegitimacy gets to the heart of powerful inequalities in families, communities, and the state.

This Element develops and showcases a new methodological framework in which to study the connections between early modern travel writing and life- and self-writing. Turning the scholarly focus in the study of travel writing from eye-witnessing and proto-ethnography of foreign lands to the 'fashioned' and portrayed selves and 'inner worlds' of travellers – personal memory, autobiographical practices, and lived yet often heavily mediated travel experiences – it opens up perspectives to travel writing in its many modes, that extend both before and after 'lived' travels into their many pre- and afterlives in textual form. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Im Judentum wurde der Lebensanfang mit einer Vielfalt religiöser Rituale gefeiert. Das Jüdische Museum in Basel bewahrt Objekte aus der Schweiz und aus den angrenzenden Regionen des Elsasses bis nach Süddeutschland und gibt Einblick in eine grösstenteils verlorene Welt von Glauben, Ängsten, Hoffnung und Fröhlichkeit. Darunter sind Amulette, die Mütter und Kinder schützen sollten, Wimpel, die die Knaben in der jüdischen Gemeinschaft verankerten, Kissen für die Beschneidung, Geburtenregister des Beschneiders («Mohel-Bücher») und Wiegen für das Hollekreisch-Fest. Wissenschaftliche Artikel von Tali Berner, Felicitas Heimann-Jelinek, Uri R. Kaufmann und Daniela Schmid sind mit Interviews mit Dinah Ehrenfreund-Michler, Aviv Szabs, Esra Weill und Elisabeth und Ralph Weingarten (-Guggenheim) ergänzt, die die Bräuche und das Leben aus einem persönlichen und professionellen Blick erläutern. In Judaism, the beginning of life was celebrated with a variety of religious rituals. The Jewish Museum in Basel preserves objects from Switzerland and the neighboring regions of Alsace to southern Germany and sheds light on a largely lost world of faith, fears, hope and happiness. Among them are amulets to protect mothers and children, pennants to anchor boys in the Jewish community, pillows for circumcision, birth registers of the circumciser («mohel books»), and cradles for the Hollekreisch festival. Scholarly articles by Tali Berner, Felicitas Heimann-Jelinek, Uri R. Kaufmann and Daniela Schmid are complemented by interviews with Dinah Ehrenfreund-Michler, Aviv Szabs, Esra Weill and Elisabeth and Ralph Weingarten (-Guggenheim), which tell stories about religion and life from personal and professional perspectives.

This book examines England's plural and protracted Reformations through the novel prism of the generations. Approaching generation as a biological unit and a social cohort, it demonstrates that the tumultuous religious developments that stretched across the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries not merely transformed the generations but were also forged by them. It provides compelling new insights into how people experienced and navigated the profound challenges that the Reformations posed in everyday life. Alexandra Walsham investigates how age and ancestry were implicated in the theological and cultural upheavals of the era and how these in turn reconfigured the nexus between memory, history, and time. Generations explores the manifold ways in which the Reformations shaped the horizontal relationships that men, women, and children formed with their siblings, kin, and peers, as well as the vertical ones that tied them to their dead ancestors and their future heirs. It highlights the vital part that families bound by blood and by faith played in the making of current events and in recording the past for posterity. Drawing on previously untapped archival evidence, in tandem with a rich array of printed texts, visual images, and material objects, this study offers poignant glimpses of individual lives and casts fascinating light on how families were both torn apart and brought closer together by the English Reformations.

This book gives you the historical sensation of coming face to face with the bodily expression and regulation of children's emotions over time. The study does this by encouraging you to look through the eyes of well-known artists, like Albrecht Dürer, Domenico Ghirlandaio, Jan Steen, Antony van Dyck, Rembrandt, and Titian in early modern Europe, and Jean-Baptiste Siméon Chardin, Thomas Lawrence,Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Philipp Otto Runge, Willem Bartel van der Kooi, Paul Gauguin, Auguste Renoir, and Jozef Israëls in the late 18th and 19th centuries. These sources are supplemented by works from less-famous artists, as well as popular emblem books, child-advice manuals, observations from the emerging child sciences, and personal documents. Jeroen Dekker observes children's emotions mainly in the child's world and in the domestic emotional space, and connects them with history's ongoing, underlying discourse on education and the emotions. This discourse was developed by theologians, philosophers, and moralists like Augustine, Aquinas, Erasmus, Descartes, Jacob Cats, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, by Romantic educationalists like Friedrich Fröbel and Ellen Key, and by scientists like Charles Darwin and William James who emphasized the biological instead of the moral fundament of children's emotions. The story of children's emotions is told in the context of cultural movements like the Renaissance, Humanism, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, Romanticism, and the starting Age of Child Science. Children's Emotions in Europe, 1500 – 1900 crucially highlights the continuous co-existence of regulation-oriented and child-oriented educational views on children's emotions.