This book offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of various aspects of long non-coding RNAs. It discusses their emerging significance in molecular medicine, ranging from human cancers to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Transcriptomic studies have demonstrated that the majority of genomes found in complex organisms are expressed in highly dynamic and cell-specific patterns, producing huge numbers of intergenic, antisense and intronic long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Thousands of lncRNAs have been identified, and unlike mRNA, they have no protein-coding capacity. A large repertoire of ncRNAs, actively transcribed from the mammalian genome, control diverse cellular processes, both in terms of development and diseases, through a variety of gene regulatory mechanisms. IncRNAs have emerged as a new paradigm in epigenetic regulation of the genome. Given its scope, the book will be of particular interest to molecular, chemical, cell and developmental biologists, as well as specialists in translational medicine involved in disease-oriented research. It also offers a valuable resource for in silico experts seeking a deeper understanding of lncRNA expression and function through computational analysis of the NGS data.

The growth of human population has increased the demand for improved yield and quality of crops and horticultural plants. However, plant productivity continues to be threatened by stresses such as heat, cold, drought, heavy metals, UV radiations, bacterial and fungal pathogens, and insect pests. Long noncoding RNAs are associated with various developmental pathways, regulatory systems, abiotic and biotic stress responses and signaling, and can provide an alternative strategy for stress management in plants. Long Noncoding RNAs in Plants: Roles in development and stress provides the most recent advances in LncRNAs, including identification, characterization, and their potential applications and uses. Introductory chapters include the basic features and brief history of development of lncRNAs studies in plants. The book then provides the knowledge about the lncRNAs in various important agricultural and horticultural crops such as cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and fiber crop cotton, and their roles and applications in abiotic and biotic stress management. - Includes the latest advances and research in long noncoding RNAs in plants - Provides alternative strategies for abiotic and biotic stress management in horticultural plants and agricultural crops - Focuses on the application and uses of long noncoding RNAs

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of transcripts that are in general longer than 200 nucleotides and that have no protein-coding potential. The vast majority of vertebrate genomes encode diverse and complex lncRNAs that play regulatory roles at almost every step of gene expression. Recently, increasing evidence has implicated lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. The purpose of the Research Topic, "Emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs in neurological diseases and metabolic disorders", is to bring together leading researchers in the field who, through contributing to an organized and comprehensive collection of peer-reviewed articles, provide a broad perspective on the latest advances in the field. A number of interesting and cutting-edge areas will be covered as below, but this list is not exclusive: - The methodologies and technologies of identifying and studying lncRNAs - LncRNAs in gene-specific transcription - LncRNAs in epigenetic regulation - LncRNAs in post-transcriptional regulation - LncRNAs in disease - Mapping of noncoding single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with disease.

This book brings together what is currently known in terms of basic research in the field of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and builds on this to delve more deeply in the specific roles that lncRNAs are playing during inflammation. The book provides readers with basic knowledge on lncRNAs: from understanding the complexity of the transcriptome, conservation, structure and the tools used to investigate these aspects, to how we use this information to study lncRNAs in a specific biological context. The volume covers the emerging roles of lncRNAs in the initial stages of inflammation as well as their roles in specific inflammatory diseases including arthritis, lupus, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The book also shows the emerging interest in using lncRNAs as a therapeutic target and how this could impact our ability to diagnose and treat inflammatory diseases in the future.

This book is a collection of eight articles, of which seven are reviews and one is a research paper, that together form a Special Issue that describes the roles that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play in gene regulation at a post-transcriptional level.

This book presents a common principle of actions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) from points of view at the atomic, molecular and cellular levels. At the atomic level, chemical studies of ribonucleic acids explain the chemical behavior of lncRNAs. Structural biological analysis of lncRNAs and its binding proteins also reveal the precise mechanisms of their actions. Molecular biological approaches lead to insights into molecular mechanisms of these lncRNA actions. At the cellular or individual level of analysis, we grasp the biology and medicine of lncRNAs. These three layers of approaches are thoroughly new and produce novel insights into functions of lncRNAs in living cells. The book consists of five parts: 1) Bioinformatics and other methodologies for lncRNAs, 2) Atomic and molecular structures of lncRNAs, 3) Molecular functions of lncRNAs, 4) Biological actions of lncRNAs, and 5) Potential outcomes for clinical medicine. These sections connect well and work synergistically. The book is for researchers whose specialty is RNA biology and chemistry and also for advanced students at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Readers can grasp the leading edge of lncRNA studies in a comprehensive manner and are inspired to pursue their own particular interests.

Cardiology’s cornerstone text – thoroughly updated to reflect the latest clinical perspectives and cutting-edge topics Hailed for its authority, currency, and ability to translate the latest technical and clinical advances into clinical application, Hurst’s The Heart is the field’s landmark text and cardiology’s longest continuously published reference text. A previous edition of this trusted classic was described by Doody’s as “an outstanding choice for those who strive for a firm foundation in cardiovascular medicine, as well as an up-to-date and user-friendly source that addresses every discipline in the field.” Readers will find succinct, visually appealing summaries of all the major new trials, and guidelines, along with tips for optimizing outcomes and health quality. The Fourteenth Edition has been completely updated to reflect the latest technical, therapeutic, and clinical advances, while still maintaining a strong focus on patient care. Other enhancements include the addition of textual features such as Practice Points, Common Clinical Questions, and an increased number of the acclaimed Hurst’s diagrams. • NEW TO THIS EDITION: Section on Metabolic Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease, Cigarette Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease • Enhanced by more than 1,500 full-color illustrations and more than 500 tables • Brand new chapters include: Arrythmogenic Cardiomyopathy, Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation, Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease, Left Ventricular Noncompaction, Evaluation and Management of Acute Heart Failure, Carotid Artery Stenting, Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular disease • The only comprehensive cardiology reference to publish every 2.5 years to allow for reporting of the latest trials and guidelines

"This volume presents manuscripts stemming from the conference "Natural Genetic Engineering and Natural Genome Editing" held on July 3-6, 2008 ... Salzburg, Austria"-- page V.