This book presents the first ever comprehensive survey of a new family of nanocomposite sorbents “salt in porous matrix” (CSPMs). These composites have recently been developed for selective sorption of water, alcohols, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. They owe their origin to the catchy idea of target-oriented tailoring of materials with predetermined adsorption properties harmonized with a particular adsorption process. The book develops the concept of target-oriented synthesis and suggests tools for tailoring new adsorbent materials adapted to multiple practical applications. It describes properties of approximately 50 new CSPMs of water, alcohols, ammonia, and carbon dioxide, including the data obtained in the author’s laboratory and literature available by the end of 2018. These data can be used for engineering calculations and analysis of practical applications. The book also discusses potential applications of these sorbents for storage and transformation of low-temperature heat, gas drying, maintenance of relative humidity in museums, and regeneration of heat and moisture in ventilation systems.

This book provides a cross-disciplinary, multi-scale assessment of the development of adsorption-based refrigerants and super-adsorbent-based wastewater purification. The book covers two major aspects from the 21st century, including the development of an environmentally benign adsorption cooling system and the preparation of a super-adsorbent for water purification. Although work has been published on these topics, the authors present the latest findings and introduce some new perspectives. The book is written as a reference book with contributions from global field experts and will appeal to water engineers, chemists, environmentalists, physicists, material scientists, nano-technologists, and environmental technologists.

This book presents the first ever comprehensive survey of a new family of nanocomposite sorbents “salt in porous matrix” (CSPMs). These composites have recently been developed for selective sorption of water, alcohols, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. They owe their origin to the catchy idea of target-oriented tailoring of materials with predetermined adsorption properties harmonized with a particular adsorption process. The book develops the concept of target-oriented synthesis and suggests tools for tailoring new adsorbent materials adapted to multiple practical applications. It describes properties of approximately 50 new CSPMs of water, alcohols, ammonia, and carbon dioxide, including the data obtained in the author’s laboratory and literature available by the end of 2018. These data can be used for engineering calculations and analysis of practical applications. The book also discusses potential applications of these sorbents for storage and transformation of low-temperature heat, gas drying, maintenance of relative humidity in museums, and regeneration of heat and moisture in ventilation systems.

Since their discovery in 1991, carbon nanotubes have been considered as one of the most promising materials for a wide range of applications, in virtue of their outstanding properties. During the last two decades, both single-walled and multi-walled CNTs probably represented the hottest research topic concerning materials science, equally from a fundamental and from an applicative point of view. There is a prevailing opinion among the research community that CNTs are now ready for application in everyday world. This book provides an (obviously not exhaustive) overview on some of the amazing possible applications of CNT-based materials in the near future.

Comprehensive knowledge on the preparation, characterization, and applications of polymer nanocomposites Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites examines the state of the art in preparation, processing, characterizing, and applying a wide range of polymer nanocomposites, elucidating nanofiller/polymer interactions, nanofiller dispersion, distribution, filler-filler interactions, and interface properties, with a particular focus on the rheology of this important class of materials. The dependence of the rheological properties on the preparation techniques is discussed in detail, complemented by an overview of the processing approaches using conventional and micro injection molding, extrusion, compression molding, film blowing, pultrusion, and resin transfer molding. The book covers the latest understanding and accomplishments on polymer composites and presents the huge variety of this materials class. Practice-oriented with industry relevance, it also reviews preparation, characterization, morphology, properties, applications, sustainability, and recyclability. The topics covered in Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites include: Classification of nano fillers, nano-objects, nanomaterials, and polymer nanocomposites based on chemical nature and identity, and synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles General manufacturing methods and processes, including melt and shear mixing manufacturing of polymer nanocomposites 1D nano fillers and polymer nanocomposites, including polymer nanocomposites based on graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) and amphiphilic graphene platelets Polymer nanocomposites based on nano chitin, starch, and lignin, gold nanowires, titanium dioxide, and graphene and graphene oxide Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites is an essential resource for materials scientists, polymer chemists, chemical engineers, and engineering scientists in industry.

Composite Nanoadsorbents discusses the most recent advances in the field, including promising techniques for waste water decontamination and the advantages and drawbacks of nanoadsorbents in these applications. The implications of nanoadsorbents to public health and future developments for facilitating environmental sustainability are also discussed. New approaches for nanomaterials are analyzed, focusing on the effect of nanotechnology in adsorption applications. The effectiveness of nanosized materials is evaluated, along with cost factors and new synthesis routes of composite nanomaterials. Combining the areas of nanotechnology, adsorption, and composite surface chemistry, the synthesis, modifications and applications of nanotechnology in the adsorption process are demonstrated. Edited by a prolific expert in the field, this book will be a valuable resource for researchers, postgraduate students and professionals in the fields of nanotechnology, adsorption and materials synthesis. - Bridges the gap between theory and application of composite nanoadsorbents - Provides an understanding of the benefits of nanoadsorbents and their cost, efficiency and novelty - Includes material on inorganic nanoadsorbents and carbon nanotubes

Smart materials are used to develop more cost-effective and high-performance water treatment systems as well as instant and continuous ways to monitor water quality. Smart materials in water research have been extensively utilized for the treatment, remediation, and pollution prevention. Smart materials can maintain the long term water quality, availability and viability of water resource. Thus, water via smart materials can be reused, recycled, desalinized and also it can detect the biological and chemical contamination whether the source is from municipal, industrial or man-made waste. The 15 state-of-the-art review chapters contained in this book cover the recent advancements in the area of waste water, as well as the prospects about the future research and development of smart materials for the waste water applications in the municipal, industrial and manmade waste areas. Treatment techniques (nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, adsorption and nano-reactive membranes) are also covered in-depth. The chapters are divided into three groups: The first section includes the various carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes, mixed oxides) with a focus on use of carbon at nanoscale applied for waste water research. The second section focuses on synthetic nanomaterials for pollutants removal. The third section highlights the bio-polymeric nanomaterials where the authors have used the natural polymers matrices in a composite and nanocomposite material for waste treatment. The large number of researchers working in the area will benefit from the fundamental concepts, advanced approaches and application of the various smart materials towards waste water treatment that are described in the book. It will also provide a platform for the researchers and graduate students to carry out advanced research and understand the building blocks.

Undoubtedly the applications of polymers are rapidly evolving. Technology is continually changing and quickly advancing as polymers are needed to solve a variety of day-to-day challenges leading to improvements in quality of life. The Encyclopedia of Polymer Applications presents state-of-the-art research and development on the applications of polymers. This groundbreaking work provides important overviews to help stimulate further advancements in all areas of polymers. This comprehensive multi-volume reference includes articles contributed from a diverse and global team of renowned researchers. It offers a broad-based perspective on a multitude of topics in a variety of applications, as well as detailed research information, figures, tables, illustrations, and references. The encyclopedia provides introductions, classifications, properties, selection, types, technologies, shelf-life, recycling, testing and applications for each of the entries where applicable. It features critical content for both novices and experts including, engineers, scientists (polymer scientists, materials scientists, biomedical engineers, macromolecular chemists), researchers, and students, as well as interested readers in academia, industry, and research institutions.

Metal Oxide–Carbon Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications reviews the advances in the fabrication and application of metal oxide–carbon-based nanocomposite materials. Their unique properties make them ideal materials for gas-sensing, photonics, catalysis, opto-electronic, and energy-storage applications. In the first section, the historical background to the hybrid materials based on metal oxide–carbon and the hybridized metal oxide composites is provided. It also highlights several popular methods for the preparation of metal oxide–carbon composites through solid-state or solution-phase reactions, and extensively discusses the materials' properties. Fossil fuels and renewable energy sources cannot meet the ever-increasing energy demands of an industrialized and technology-driven global society. Therefore, the role of metal oxide–carbon composites in energy generation, hydrogen production, and storage devices, such as rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors, is of extreme importance. These problems are discussed in in the second section of the book. Rapid industrialization has resulted in serious environmental issues which in turn have caused serious health problems that require the immediate attention of researchers. In the third section, the use of metal oxide–carbon composites in water purification, photodegradation of industrial contaminants, and biomedical applications that can help to clean the environment and provide better healthcare solutions is described. The final section is devoted to the consideration of problems associated with the development of sensors for various applications. Numerous studies performed in this area have shown that the use of composites can significantly improve the operating parameters of such devices. Metal Oxide–Carbon Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications presents a comprehensive review of the science related to metal oxide–carbon composites and how researchers are utilizing these materials to provide solutions to a large array of problems. - Reviews the fundamental properties and fabrication methods of metal-oxide–carbon composites - Discusses applications in energy, including energy generation, hydrogen production and storage, rechargeable batteries, and supercapacitors - Includes current and emerging applications in environmental remediation and sensing

Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Graphitic Carbon Nitride: An Uprising Carbonaceous Material offers an up-to-date record on the major findings and observations relating to graphitic carbon nitride-based systems, elaborately covering all the aspects of carbon nitride as chemical stable and pollution-free materials that are easy to prepare in a cost-effective way, along with their applications in photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic hydrogen generation, carbon dioxide reduction, disinfection, sensors and supercapacitors. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a fascinating visible light photocatalyst, which possesses many properties that can be used for many applications.This makes the book an indispensable reference for (post)-graduate students, researchers in academia and industry, and engineers working in the field of graphitic carbon-nitride-based systems. - Includes the applications of graphitic carbon nitride as a photocatalyst for the reduction of CO2 - Describes the synthesis structure and properties of graphitic carbon nitride-based systems - Deals with the development of graphitic carbon nitride-based nanocomposites - Includes hydrogen production via water splitting by using graphitic carbon nitride - Describes the applications of graphitic carbon nitride in the field of sensors, solar cells, fuel cells and in analytical chemistry