This book features selected articles based on contributions presented at the 9th International Symposium on Optics and Its Applications (OPTICS-2022) in Yerevan-Ashtarak, Armenia. The annual OPTICS symposium brings together renowned experts from all over the world working in the fields of atomic optics, plasmonics, optics of nanostructures, as well as the optics of condensed matter, and provides a perfect setting for their discussions of the most recent developments in this area. The 9th iteration in this series, dedicated to the 80th birthday of Academician Eduard Kazaryan, focuses on topics dealing with the spectroscopy of real and artificial atoms, linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of quantum wells, and two-dimensional materials. The book highlights recent results of few-particle optical characteristics of artificial atoms in the framework of the exactly solvable Moshinsky model, as well as an electro-optical analog of the magneto-optical Faraday effect. In addition, a detailed study of the nucleation process, its characterization, as well as electronic and optical properties of graded composition quantum dots in the Stranski−Krastanov growth mode, is presented.

Covering a broad range of fundamental topics in classical optics and electro-magnetism, this updated, second edition contains 13 new chapters, which cover many topics of fundamental significance as well as practical importance. The first half of the book deals primarily with the basic concepts of optics, while the second half describes how these concepts can be used in a variety of technological applications. Each chapter is concerned with a single topic, developing an understanding of the subject through the use of diagrams, examples, numerical simulations, and logical arguments. The mathematical content is kept to a minimum to provide the reader with insightful discussions of optical phenomena.

This Book Analyses The Electromagnetic Nature Of Light, The Properties Of Light Waves, Such As Coherence, The Applications Of Interference To Length Metrology Of Optical Testing And The Role Of Diffraction In Image-Forming And Spectroscopic Instruments. It Also Discusses Topics Such As Interference, Diffraction And Holography On The Basis Of Scalar Theory, And The Basics Of Optical Data Processing. The Final Chapter On Metrology Deals With The Measurement Of Commonly Encountered Parameters With The Help Of Laser-Based Instruments.

This book introduces in detail the theory of adaptive optics and its correction technology for light wave distortion in wireless optical communication. It discusses the adaptive control algorithm of wavefront distortion, proportional+integral control algorithm and iterative control algorithm, and double fuzzy adaptive PID control algorithm. It also covers the SPGD algorithm of adaptive optics correction, deformable mirrors eigenmode method of wavefront aberration correction, vortex beam wavefront detecting wavefront aberration correction, liquid crystal spatial light modulator wavefront correction, different wavelengths of Gaussian beam transmission wavefront differences in the atmospheric turbulence and correction and with wavefront tilt correction adaptive optics wavefront aberration correction. Various distortion correction methods are verified by experiments and the experimental results are analyzed. This book is suitable for engineering and technical personnel engaged in wireless optical communication, college teachers, graduate students and senior undergraduate students.

The basic concepts of geometrical optics together with the additional assumption that lead to the 'geometrical optics approximation' are described here. The eikonal equation is derived and the relationship of exact electromagnetic theory in the limit as wavelength approaches limit of 0 to geometrical optics is made evident. The application of the 'geometrical optics approximation' to phase analysis and synthesis is described and an example of synthesis is presented. The concept of power flow in ray tubes is used to obtain approximations to power distributions in the antenna aperture, in the focal region, and in the far field. Ray analysis is used to determine those feed locations in the focal region that will most nearly collimate the far-field rays that lie in certain desirable planes. The Theorem of Malus is used to formulate the equal path length law and applications are given. Focal surfaces (or caustics) relative to a rectilinear congruence are defined and then used to present a geometrical optics description of the focal region. The equations of the focal surfaces of a paraboloid receiving a plane wave 20 degrees off-axis are calculated and photographs of three-dimensional models of the focal surfaces are shown.

This book concerns the theory of optimal transport (OT) and its applications to solving problems in geometric optics. It is a self-contained presentation including a detailed analysis of the Monge problem, the Monge-Kantorovich problem, the transshipment problem, and the network flow problem. A chapter on Monge-Ampère measures is included containing also exercises. A detailed analysis of the Wasserstein metric is also carried out. For the applications to optics, the book describes the necessary background concerning light refraction, solving both far-field and near-field refraction problems, and indicates lines of current research in this area. Researchers in the fields of mathematical analysis, optimal transport, partial differential equations (PDEs), optimization, and optics will find this book valuable. It is also suitable for graduate students studying mathematics, physics, and engineering. The prerequisites for this book include a solid understanding of measure theory and integration, as well as basic knowledge of functional analysis.

The monograph covers various meso-optical elements, diffraction free light beams, localized electromagnetic fields, gravitational lens, meso-optical devices for transportation of the synchrotron radiation, meso-optical microscopes for high energy elementary particle physics, and the history of meso-optics. Some integral transforms useful in meso-optics are presented in the Appendix.The author is an active participant of many investigations in meso-optics and provides an up-to-date encyclopedic review of the theoretical and experimental investigations on Meso-Optics (optics of the conical wave fields).

Near-field optics, dealing with the interaction between optical field and matter in the nanometric region, has become an interdisciplinary field spaning physics, chemistry, materials science, electrical engineering and high density data storage. This book reflects the recent status of this rapidly growing field. It discusses the basic theories, instrumentation, novel probes, theoretical simulations, and the application of near-field optics to the fields of condensed matter physics, new materials, information storage, atom photonics, etc. It provides an overview of the research on near-field optics in the 1990s.

Raman Spectroscopy and its Application in Nanostructures is an original and timely contribution to a very active area of physics and materials science research. This book presents the theoretical and experimental phenomena of Raman spectroscopy, with specialized discussions on the physical fundamentals, new developments and main features in low-dimensional systems of Raman spectroscopy. In recent years physicists, materials scientists and chemists have devoted increasing attention to low-dimensional systems and as Raman spectroscopy can be used to study and analyse such materials as carbon nanotubes, quantum wells, silicon nanowires, etc., it is fast becoming one of the most powerful and sensitive experimental techniques to characterize the qualities of such nanostructures. Recent scientific and technological developments have resulted in the applications of Raman spectroscopy to expand. These developments are vital in providing information for a very broad field of applications: for example in microelectronics, biology, forensics and archaeology. Thus, this book not only introduces these important new branches of Raman spectroscopy from both a theoretical and practical view point, but the resulting effects are fully explored and relevant representative models of Raman spectra are described in-depth with the inclusion of theoretical calculations, when appropriate.