Pharmaceutics is a broad field which is connected to and focused on discovering, formulating, optimizing, and manufacturing various dosage forms, along with their standardization. One of the most important distinctions between Industrial Pharmacy and other branches of Pharmaceutics is the strict requirements of pharmaceutical industry for good manufacturing practice (GMP). To excel as a pharmaceutical formulator, you must be able to handle the increasingly complex risk-based GMP demands from early conceptual design, qualification and validation to practical developmental implementation and execution of a pharmaceutical quality system. Keeping the requirements of B. Pharm 1st semester pharmacy students in view, an effort has been taken to present 32 experiments in this book as per the requirement mentioned by PCI syllabus. All the experiments are presented with theory, principle, procedure, use and storage along with tabulations. I hope the students will like to utilize this book while performing the experiments for Industrial Pharmacy and will definitely get acquainted with the concepts with greater precision. The concerned faculties will definitely appreciate this book as a handbook to train their students. For the improvement of the quality of the Pharmaceutics I Laboratory Manual suggestions and criticisms from all corners of profession are greatly welcome. I would be grateful to the readers if they draw my attention to the deficiencies and errors that might have remained.

We are very pleased to put forth the first edition of 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutics'. We have made this manual student friendly and relevant in terms of achieving curriculum outcome. Now, we believe that the manual has been fulfilling the aspirations of pharmaceutics teachers and students too. This manual is prepared as per PCI Education Regulations, 2014 for Degree Course in Pharmacy. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way such as practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs) and its mapping with course outcomes, theory, resources used, procedure, precautions, labeling, observations, result, conclusion, references and synopsis questions. The procedures and formulas of all the experiments are reviewed and added, so that the advancement in the methods can be addressed. A sincere attempt has been made through this manual to provide practical knowledge to the students related to various topics of Pharmaceutics. The manual mainly includes the experiments through which the students will learn to prepare various types of conventional dosage forms such as syrups, elixirs, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, powders, suppositories, ointments, gargles and mouth washes in the laboratory. A brief introduction to various dosage forms before the related experiments can assist in better perception of the experiment. The manual has been designed with more emphasis on the practical skill improvement of the students so that the students can perform the practical with ease and comfort. Hope this manual will help the students to learn the concept, principles and perform the experiments virtually. We wish you all the best!!!

We are very pleased to put forth the revised edition of 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutics'. We have incorporated all the suggestions, modified it to make it easier, student friendly and relevant in terms of achieving curriculum outcome. We are very much thankful to all the learned teachers who have given their feedback whole-heartedly. We have even incorporated the changes in this manual based on the feedback given by the teachers from all the institutes. Now, we believe that the manual has been fulfilling the aspirations of pharmaceutics teachers and students too. This manual is prepared as per PCI Education Regulations, 2020 for Diploma Course in Pharmacy. The procedures and formulas of all the experiments are reviewed and added, so that the advancement in the methods or apparatus can be addressed. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way such as practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs) and its mapping with course outcomes, minimum theoretical background, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, result, conclusion, references and related questions. We have also given the readings for the reference of students and better understanding. Moreover, assessment scheme is also given to help the student and teacher to know what to be assessed. A sincere attempt has been made through this manual to provide practical knowledge to the students related to various topics of Pharmaceutics. The manual mainly includes the experiments through which the students will learn to prepare conventional dosage forms and few cosmetic formulations in the laboratory. Besides, experiments related to handling of Indian Pharmacopoeia and National formulary of India will make the students familiar with the Indian official compendiums. The demonstration based experiments will help the students to understand the tablet compression process and quality control test of tablets, capsules, emulsions and single-dose parenteral preparations. A brief introduction to various dosage forms before the related experiments can assist in better perception of the experiment. Each experiment is divided into sections like aim, practical significance, relevant professional competencies, relevant course outcomes, practical skills, relevant affective domain related outcomes, practical outcomes, minimum theoretical background, requirements, contents, marketed preparations, related questions, references and assessment scheme. The manual has been designed with more emphasis on the practical skill improvement of the students so that the students can perform the practical with ease and comfort. Hope this manual will help the students to learn the concept, principles and perform the experiments virtually. We wish you all the best!!!

We are very pleased to put forth the first edition of 'Laboratory Manual of Physical Pharmaceutics I'. This manual is prepared as per PCI Education Regulations, 2014 for Degree Course in Pharmacy. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way such as practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs) and its mapping with course outcomes, minimum theoretical background, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, result, conclusion, references and related questions. A sincere attempt has been made through this manual to provide practical knowledge to the students related to various experiments in Physical Pharmaceutics I. The manual mainly includes the experiments through which the students will learn how the basic properties of drug like solubility, dissolution, can limit the bioavailability of drug and in turn the efficacy of the drug. The solubility enhancement techniques like reduction of particle size, use of solubilizing agents or prodrugs etc. are also discussed. The students will also learn about the importance of drug stability and how the parameters like temperature, pH, humidity and light can affect the drug stability. Physical pharmaceutics is very important subject which helps the researchers to design and formulate various dosage forms including its manufacturing aspects. The students will be proficient in handling various equipment used in physical pharmaceutics laboratory. The students will also be able to determine pKa, partition coefficient, surface tension, critical micelle concentration, HLB value, stability constant, buffer capacity, etc. in the laboratory. We have taken extra efforts to make the experiments simpler, easy to understand and perform. The graphs have also been provided wherever necessary. Each experiment is divided into sections like aim, practical significance, relevant course outcomes, practical skills, relevant affective domain related outcomes, practical outcomes, minimum theoretical background, requirements, related questions, and references. The manual has been designed with more emphasis on the practical skill improvement of the students so that the students can perform the practical with ease and comfort. We are very much thankful to the designer, publisher, printers and all the stakeholders for putting their efforts for successfully bringing this manual out for the students. Hope this manual will help the students to learn the concept, principles and perform the experiments. We wish them all the best!!!

We are very pleased to put forth the first edition of 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Microbiology'. This manual is prepared as per PCI Education Regulations, 2014 for Degree Course in Pharmacy. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way with respect to its practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs) and its mapping with course outcomes, minimum theoretical background, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, result, conclusion, references and related questions. A sincere attempt has been made through this manual to provide practical knowledge to the students about various experiments in Pharmaceutical Microbiology. The manual mainly includes the experiments through which the students will learn to prepare various culture media, isolation and propagation of pure cultures of microorganisms. The students will be proficient in handling various equipment used in microbiology laboratory. The techniques like aseptic handling, transfer of the microbial cultures, disinfection and safety measures will also be imparted to the students. The students will also be able to perform staining procedures, microbial assays, sterility testing, biochemical testing and water sample testing in the laboratory. Each experiment is divided into sections like aim, practical significance, relevant course outcomes, practical skills, relevant affective domain related outcomes, practical outcomes, minimum theoretical background, requirements, related questions, and references for further reading. The manual has been designed with more emphasis on the practical skill improvement of the students so that the students can perform the practical with ease and comfort. We are very much thankful to the designer, publisher, printers and all the stakeholders for putting their efforts for successfully bringing this manual out for the students. Hope this manual will help the students to learn the concept, principles and perform the experiments in Microbiology. We wish them all the best!!!

We are very pleased to put forth the revised edition of 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical chemistry'. We have incorporated all the suggestions, modified it to make it easier, student friendly and relevant in terms of achieving curriculum outcome. We are very much thankful to all the learned teachers who have given their feedback whole-heartedly. We have even incorporated the changes in this manual based on the feedback given by the teachers from all the institutes. Now, we believe that the manual has been fulfilling the aspirations of Pharmacotherapeutics' teachers and students too. This manual is prepared as per PCI Education Regulations, 2020 for Diploma Course in Pharmacy. The methods of all the experiments are reviewed and added from the recent research papers, so that the advancement in the methods or apparatus can be addressed. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way such as practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs) and its mapping with course outcomes, minimum theoretical background, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, result, conclusion, references, and related questions. Moreover, assessment scheme is also given to help the student and teacher to know what to be assessed. Each experiment offers an opportunity to perform practical work, allowing students to gain proficiency in effectively managing equipment, handling glassware, chemicals and reagents, and writing analytical reports. In addition, questions are provided at the end of the experiments to enhance students' knowledge, which will be beneficial for them as they pursue higher studies. We hope that this manual will assist students in understanding concepts, principles, and performing procedures. We wish you all the best!"

We are pleased to present the "Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry". This manual is prepared according to the PCI B. Pharm course regulations 2014 and is divided into four sections: limit tests, identification tests, purity tests, and preparation of inorganic pharmaceuticals. The methods of all the experiments are taken from the latest editions of official books such as the Indian, European, British and US Pharmacopoeia, and research papers, so that the latest advancements in the methods or apparatus can be incorporated. The purpose of pharmaceutical inorganic chemistry practicals is to provide students with hands-on experience in understanding and applying the principles of inorganic chemistry to pharmaceutical applications. Through these practical sessions, students can learn how to prepare, analyze, and characterize inorganic pharmaceutical compounds, which are important in drug development, formulations, and quality control processes. These practicals also help students gain essential laboratory skills, such as safely handling chemicals and using various analytical techniques, which are crucial for their future careers in the pharmaceutical industry or research. This manual is designed for outcome-based education and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way, with sections for practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs), mapping with course outcomes, theory, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, results, conclusion, references, and synopsis questions. Each experiment offers an opportunity for students to perform practical work, allowing them to gain proficiency in effectively managing equipments, handling glasswares, chemicals and reagents, and writing reports. In addition, the questions at the end of the experiments help to enhance students' knowledge, which will be beneficial for them as they pursue higher studies. We acknowledge the help and cooperation of various persons in bringing out this manual. We are highly indebted to the authors of the books and articles mentioned in the references, which were a major source of information for writing this manual. We also thank the publishers, designers, and printers who worked hard to publish this manual in a timely manner. We hope that this manual will be helpful to students in understanding concepts, principles, and procedures. We wish you all the best!

We are very pleased to putforth 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Analysis-I'. This manual is designed as per syllabus set by PCI for first year degree course in pharmacy as per PCI B. Pharm course regulations 2014. This manual is a sincere effort to improve the practical skills of students so that every student will understand the objective of each experiment and perform the practical easily. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in uniform way such as Aim, Practical Significance, Practical Outcomes, Theory, Resources Required, Precautions, Procedure, Observations, Calculations, Results, Conclusion, References and Synopsis Questions. Theory of each experiment is given in all fifteen experiments making the manual more interesting. The manual also focuses on practical skills as well as on the observation tables and calculations that will be helpful in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The experiments designed in this manual are written after practical performance in the laboratory by author themselves. We welcome all the suggestions from teachers and students regarding the conduct of the practical. Also, you can put your queries in case of difficulties directly to us, so that the effective solution can be given to you. We are always with you to support and help, so feel free to interact with us. We look forward for your valuable feedback regarding manual. We acknowledge the help and co-operation extended by various persons in bringing out this manual. We are highly indebted to the authors of various books and articles mentioned in bibliography which became a major source of information for writing this manual. We also thank the publishers, designers and printers who graciously worked hard to publish this manual in time.

We are pleased to put forth the "Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I." This manual, prepared according to the PCI B. Pharm course regulations 2014, is divided into three sections: systematic qualitative analysis, preparation of suitable solid derivatives and construction of molecular models. The methods of all the experiments are drawn from the latest editions of official books of pharmaceutical organic chemistry and research papers, ensuring the inclusion of the latest advancements in methodologies or apparatus. This manual is designed for outcome-based education. Each experiment follows a uniform format, with sections for practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs), mapping with course outcomes, theory, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, results, conclusion, references, and synopsis questions. Each experiment offers an opportunity for students to perform practical work, developing proficiency in effectively managing equipment, handling glassware, chemicals, reagents, and writing analytical reports. In addition, the questions at the end of the experiments help to enhance students' knowledge, benefiting them as they pursue higher studies. During the laboratory period, you will have to multiple tasks while performing the experiment. It is essential to document your actions and observations thoroughly as you proceed. Always plan your work ahead, considering what you are doing, why you are doing it, what is happening, and what conclusions you can draw from your experiment. We acknowledge the help and cooperation of various individuals in bringing out this manual. We are highly indebted to the authors of the books and articles mentioned in the references, which were a major source of information for this manual. We also thank the publishers, designers, and printers who worked hard to publish this manual in a timely manner. We hope that this manual will be helpful to students in understanding concepts, principles, and performing procedures. We wish you all the best!

We are very pleased to put forth the 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry II'. This manual is prepared as per PCI B. Pharm course regulations 2014 and is divided into three sections for laboratory techniques, determination of oil values and preparations of organic compounds. The methods of all the experiments are added from the recent research papers, so that the advancement in the methods or apparatus can be addressed.