Tourism has long been important to Scotland. It has become all the more significant as the financial sector has faltered and other mainstays are in apparent long-term decline. Yet there is no assessment of this industry and its place over the long run, no one account of what it has meant to previous generations and continues to mean to the present one, of what led to growth or what indeed has led people of late to look elsewhere. This book brings together work from many periods and perspectives. It draws on a wide range of source material, academic and non-academic, from local studies and general analyses, visitors’ accounts, hotel records, newspaper and journal commentaries, photographs and even cartoons. It reviews arguments over the cultural and economic impact of tourism, and retrieves the experience of the visited, of the host communities as well as the visitors. It questions some of the orthodoxies – that Scott made Scott-land, or that it was charter air flights that pulled the rug from under the mass market – and sheds light on what in the Scottish package appealed, and what did not, and to whom; how provision changed, or failed to change; and what marketing strategies may have achieved. It charts changes in accommodation, from inn to hotel, holiday camp, caravanning and timeshare. The role of transport is a central feature: that of the steamship and the railway in opening up Scotland, and later of motor transport in reshaping patterns of holidaymaking. Throughout there is an emphasis on the comparative: asking what was distinctive about the forms and nature of tourism in Scotland as against competing destinations elsewhere in the UK and Europe. It concludes by reflecting on whether Scotland's past can inform the making and shaping of tourism policy and what cautions history might offer for the future. This prolific long-term analysis of tourism in Scotland is a must-read for all those interested in tourism history.

In the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, legions of English citizens headed north. Why and how did Scotland, once avoided by travelers, become a popular site for English tourists? In Tourism and Identity in Scotland, 1770-1914, Katherine Haldane Grenier uses published and unpublished travel accounts, guidebooks, and the popular press to examine the evolution of the idea of Scotland. Though her primary subject is the cultural significance of Scotland for English tourists, in demonstrating how this region came to occupy a central role in the Victorian imagination, Grenier also sheds light on middle-class popular culture, including anxieties over industrialization, urbanization, and political change; attitudes towards nature; nostalgia for the past; and racial and gender constructions of the "other." Late eighteenth-century visitors to Scotland may have lauded the momentum of modernization in Scotland, but as the pace of economic, social, and political transformations intensified in England during the nineteenth century, English tourists came to imagine their northern neighbor as a place immune to change. Grenier analyzes the rhetoric of tourism that allowed visitors to adopt a false view of Scotland as untouched by the several transformations of the nineteenth century, making journeys there antidotes to the uneasiness of modern life. While this view was pervasive in Victorian society and culture, and deeply marked the modern Scottish national identity, Grenier demonstrates that it was not hegemonic. Rather, the variety of ways that Scotland and the Scots spoke for themselves often challenged tourists' expectations.

Tourism and Politics: Introduction -- Chapter 1: Democracy and Tourism: Exploring the Nature of an Inconsistent Relationship -- Section 1: Politics, Democracy and Organisations -- Chapter 2: Tourism as Political Platform: Residents' Perceptions of Tourism and Voting Behaviour -- Chapter 3: Privatisation during Market Economy Transformation as a Motor of Development -- Chapter 4: Group politics and tourism interest representation at the supranational level. Evidence from the European Union -- Chapter 5: The Politics of Exclusion? Japanese Cultural Reactions and the Government's Desire to Double Inbound Tourism -- Chapter 6: Taming Tourism: Indigenous Rights as a Check to Unbridled Tourism -- Chapter 7: Celebrating or Marketing the indigenous? International right organisations, national governments and tourism creation -- Chapter 8: The Politics of Institution Building and European Co-operation: reflections on an EC-TEMPUS project on Tourism and Culture in Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Chapter 9: Towards the Responsible Management of the Socio-Cultural Impact of Township Tourism -- Chapter 10: Hegemony, globalization and tourism policies in developing countries -- Chapter 11: The Politics of Tourism: Ethnic Chinese Spaces in Malaysia -- Chapter 12: Preparing Now for Tomorrow: The Future for Tourism in Scotland up to 2015 -- Chapter 13: Governing Tourism Monoculture: Mediterranean Mass Tourism Destinations and Governance Networks. -- Chapter 14: 'The MTV Europe Music Awards Edinburgh 03: Delivering Local Inclusion? -- Chapter 15: The Lost Gardens and Airport Expansion: Focalisation in Heritage Landscapes -- Section 3: Circulation, Flows and Security -- Chapter 16: The War is Over so Let the Games Begin -- Chapter 17: Hostile Meeting Grounds: Encounters between the Wretched of the Earth and the Tourist through Tourism and Terrorism in the 21st Century -- Chapter 18: Defending Voyuerism: Dark tourism and the problem of Global Security -- Chapter 19: Rethinking Globalization Theory in Tourism -- Chapter 20: The End of Tourism, the Beginning of Law?; Politics, democracy, and organisations -- Scapes, mobility and space -- Circulation, flows and security.

First Published in 2003. The development of tourism and tourism public policy, and the strategic management of failure of tourism to realize its commercial potential are all considered in this book. The particular salience of this research lies in the fact that it has been conducted during an interesting (politically) and volatile (globally) period for the world's tourism industry. Increasing competition, economic, and environmental issues combined with the continued threat of terrorism, and instability in the Middle East, necessitated governments assessing and redefining their tourism public policies. How they approached this in the late nineties and new Millennium is reflected in the first part of the book. The second part focuses on Scotland whose tourism public policy issues in the late nineties were focused, concentrated, and mutated by globalization, political devolution, and the restoration of the Scottish Parliament in 1999. In consequence tourism and economic development powers were devolved to Edinburgh from Westminster.However, other powers such as fiscal and employment policies which impacted greatly on tourism were reserved to Westminster, a complex situation which the book has also set out to explain, as it does the Scottish Parliament's inability to influence such powers. During the lifetime of the first parliament in almost three hundred years, Scottish tourism was confronted by significant challenges e.g., the foot and mouth epidemic, the terrorist atrocities in the USA, Indonesia, and Kenya, the combination of which for a short but crucial period virtually decimated North American tourism trade to Europe, and of course recession.

Tourism at any point in time is in many ways a mirror of economic and social change. The changes in British society in the decades from the 1950s to the 21st century are reflected in the forms of tourism that the British have been able to aspire to and afford. 'British Tourism: A Remarkable Story of Growth' identifies the most significant of these changes and places them in an historical context highlighting four distinctive eras. Now in paperback it includes four colour photos as well as two brand new chapters on tourism in Scotland and Wales. It looks in detail at the following key areas: * The roots of post war tourism growth * Developments in transport and regulation * Developments in accommodation and visit attractions * Marketing developments and trends - the role of entrepreneurs * Tourism trends into the 21st century Offering a comprehensive evaluation of post war developemnts in the British tourism industry, British Tourism: The remarkable story of growth, acts as a single reference resource suitable for a wide ranging readership from students on tourism courses and practitioners in the travel and tourism industries

The eighteenth century looms large in the Scottish imagination. It is a century that saw the doubling of the population, rapid urbanisation, industrial growth, the political Union of 1707, the Jacobite Rebellions and the Enlightenment - events that were intrinsic to the creation of the modern nation and to putting Scotland on the international map. The impact of the era on modern Scotland can be seen in the numerous buildings named after the luminaries of the period - Adam Smith, David Hume, William Robertson - the endorsement of Robert Burns as the national poet/hero, the preservation of the Culloden battlefield as a tourist attraction, and the physical geographies of its major towns. Yet, while it is a century that remains central to modern constructions of national identity, it is a period associated with men. Until recently, the history of women in eighteenth-century Scotland, with perhaps the honourable exception of Flora McDonald, remained unwritten. Over the last decade however, research on women and gender in Scotland has flourished and we have an increasingly full picture of women's lives at all social levels across the century. As a result, this is an appropriate moment to reflect on what we know about Scottish women during the eighteenth century, to ask how their history affects the traditional narratives of the period, and to reflect on the implications for a national history of Scotland and Scottish identity. Divided into three sections, covering women's intimate, intellectual and public lives, this interdisciplinary volume offers articles on women's work, criminal activity, clothing, family, education, writing, travel and more. Applying tools from history, art anthropology, cultural studies, and English literature, it draws on a wide-range of sources, from the written to the visual, to highlight the diversity of women's experiences and to challenge current male-centric historiographies.

Reisinger and Turner illustrate the importance of cultural background in the tourist experience in this in-depth study. The authors cover the concepts, definitions and measures of these cultural components and the tools used to analyse them.

The Christian Travel Plannerintroduces readers to the world of faith-based travel and identifies the plethora of opportunities available to Christians planning a vacation

There are over 1300 active volcanoes worldwide and many more dormant or extinct. Some are developed as tourist destinations; others are not, but have great potential. Mount Fuji in Japan attracts over 100 million visitors per year and has immense cultural and spiritual significance, while a number of volcanic areas in national parks, for example Teide in Spain, Yellowstone in the US, Vesuvius in Italy and Tongariro in New Zealand, attract between one to four million tourists each year. In the last decade the designation of nearly 50 geoparks around the world has highlighted their potential for tourism development.This book provides the first global review and assessment of the sustainable use of active and dormant volcanic and geothermal environments for geotourism. The volcano-based tourism sector is further augmented through a closely linked range of geothermal resources and attractions, such as geysers and hot springs, which are discussed in detail throughout individual chapters covering all key volcanic and geothermal regions around the world. It is shown that volcano and geothermal tourism is a subsection of nature-based geotourism and incorporates a variety of other tourism categories such as adventure tourism, extreme tourism, ecotourism, green tourism, educational tourism, and hot spring tourism. This comprehensive book covers the most important issues of this growing tourism sector whilst incorporating relevant global research, making it an essential resource for all in the field.Includes colour plates.

As the tourist industry becomes increasingly important to communities around the world, the need to develop tourism sustainably has also become a primary concern. This collection of international case-studies addresses this crucial issue by asking what local communities can contribute to sustainable tourism, and what sustainability can offer local communities. Individually these investigations present a wealth of original research and source material. Collectively the book illuminates the term 'community', the meaning of which, it is argued, is vital to understanding how sustainable tourism development can be implemented in practice.