This edited book elucidates the evolution of plant virus, genomic structure, diversity, plant-virus interaction, subcellular movement etc. The book reviews the biological machineries which allow the emergence of virus populations adapted by plant. The main objective of this book is the demonstration of a clear synergistic effect of plant viruses, an effect that was unexpectedly as important as applied alone. Ornamental plants are very popular and economically important worldwide. The international market of ornamentals is constantly expanding. Viruses and viroids can significantly reduce both decorative value and quality of propagated material of ornamentals. Due to the wide range of ornamental plant species and cultivars and their wide geographical distribution, the diversity of viruses that infect them is also high. The new emerging viruses are the causal agent for the economic loss of many important ornamental plants. Therefore, this book also adds value to current knowledge of virus stress response in ornamental plants and will provide the groundwork necessary for building future strategies for product enhancement. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, capacity builders and policymakers. It can serve as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of virology, agriculture and plant sciences.

The volume on oilseed crops is developed as a part of a series on “Handbook of Agrobiodiversity: Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources”. The handbook would function as a ready reference book for availability of PGR globally, along with specific source, wherefrom they can be procured, and used breeding programs, particularly to overcome various crop production constraints and to improve productivity and quality. The volume on floriculture and ornamental plants will be the source of basic information on origin and evolution and global dispersal of cultivated species of ornamentals. Presently, floriculture has established its credibility in improving income through increased productivity, generating employment and in enhancing exports. All research and developmental activities on ornamental crops are essentially multi-disciplinary in nature recognizing local issues as well as country issue. Floriculture is developing as an area of high technology based frontier interdisciplinary area on scientific excellence. Floriculture has progressed both scientifically and commercially due to concentrated efforts made on multidisciplinary research. It is developing as an area of high technology based frontier interdisciplinary area on scientific excellence. The volume will contain all information about different ornamentals. This shall be put together to develop a complete documentation of the results of the research and demonstrations conducted by different scientists. The volume will provide an illustrated horto-taxonomical account of important ornamental species and cultivars, germplasm status and their usages, propagation, nursery management, techno-economics, conventional breeding, induced mutagenesis, new varieties, cytogenetics, tissue culture, characterization of varieties, dehydration of flowers etc. This volume will give a coherent and concise account on recent developments. It will deal with all the important and relevant aspects of floriculture. The publication of this volume is planned to reveal multifarious activities done on different aspects of floriculture so that innovations made so far can be used judiciously for this sector. This book shall provide authoritative review account of many aspects of current interest and progress in the field of floriculture. The topics included in the book are interdisciplinary and cater not only classical floriculture but also relevant modern aspects. The book will provide valuable data on different aspects and will be widely accepted by by professional scientists, researchers, teachers, students, floriculturists, technocrats and planners. The volume will be an invaluable asset to floriculture scientists.

Emerging and re-emerging viruses are a constant threat to plants. Despite intensive efforts to manage and prevent plant viruses and their potential vectors in crop production processes, many crops are damaged each year. This new book reviews the progress made to date and the challenges ahead in the field of plant viruses and agricultural production. It sheds light on previously undiscovered plant viruses, bringing together information on the detection and tracking, host interaction, evolution, and management. The first section covers the various hidden sources of plant viruses such as from wild plants, weeds, and tobacco as well as other undetermined plant virus sources. The second section covers the implications of mixed infection on disease pathogenicity and epidemiology, provides an understanding of the virus and host relationship, and presents an overview of plant viruses from old to new. Providing new and important knowledge on major plant viruses and discussing their nature as well as impact on plants, this volume will be of special interest to research scholars, professors, and scientists working on plant and environmental viruses.

Plant RNA Viruses: Molecular Pathogenesis and Management provides wide-ranging coverage on the recognition and signaling events between plants and RNA viruses. The book examines the molecular biology of signaling, host-virus interaction, RNA virus diversity, and how plants and cellular pathogens interact. Sections cover Virus Diversity and Diagnosis, Virus-Host Interactions and Virus Management. Specific chapters discuss classification and nomenclature of viruses, detail the molecular characteristics of viral genomes, highlight the viral manipulation of cellular key regulatory systems for successful virus infection, and discuss the movement of plant viruses into plant cells. Additional topics include RNA plant viruses and host interaction, detection and diversity of plant RNA viruses, and strategies for combating and management of plant viruses. With contributions from an international group of experts, the book is a comprehensive reference for those in research, academia, industry and anybody engaging in the study of plant viruses at the molecular level. - Provides an overview of virus genome and nomenclature - Covers plant virus biodiversity and ecology, diversity mechanisms and opportunities - Examines Plant Host-Virus Interaction - Discusses virus-vector interaction and transmission - Offers strategies for virus management, both traditional and modern

This thesis presents the major viruses affecting three cultivars in Colombia and how experimental approaches in serology, molecular biology, and bioinformatics can be adapted to create a protocol that could be applied for physalis, passionfruit, ornamental rose, and eventually other crops. Selection of farms was carried out based on size and economic importance. Initial visual plant symptom appraisal led collection of 370 samples from 20 farms. Literature review guided the selection of antibodies of known viruses for initial ELISA testing. Thereafter NGS was carried out to discover further known and novel viruses in the cultivars. Various experiments were carried out on different samples including biotest inoculation, ELISA, RT-PCR, and NGS. Reliable and practical diagnostic tools like these could be developed for the most important viruses leading to a national agricultural certification program that could be established in a common project between German and Colombian universities, the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), the Colombian Corporation of Agricultural Investigation (AGROSAVIA), and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). In dieser Arbeit werden die wichtigsten Viren vorgestellt, die drei Sorten in Kolumbien betreffen, und wie experimentelle Ansätze in den Bereichen Serologie, Molekularbiologie und Bioinformatik angepasst werden können, um ein Protokoll zu erstellen, das für Physalis, Passionsfrucht, Zierrose und eventuell andere Kulturen angewendet werden kann. Die Auswahl der Betriebe erfolgte nach Größe und wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. Die erste visuelle Beurteilung der Pflanzensymptome führte zur Entnahme von 370 Proben aus 20 Betrieben. Die Literaturrecherche leitete die Auswahl von Antikörpern bekannter Viren für erste ELISA-Tests. Danach wurde NGS durchgeführt, um weitere bekannte und neuartige Viren in den Sorten zu entdecken. Verschiedene Experimente wurden an verschiedenen Proben durchgeführt, einschließlich Biotest-Inokulation, ELISA, RT-PCR und NGS. Solche zuverlässigen und praktischen Diagnosewerkzeuge könnten für die wichtigsten Viren entwickelt werden, die zu einem nationalen Agrarzertifizierungsprogramm führen, das in einem gemeinsamen Projekt zwischen deutschen und kolumbianischen Universitäten, dem Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA) und der Colombian Corporation of Agricultural Investigation (AGROSAVIA), und das Internationale Zentrum für tropische Landwirtschaft (CIAT) eingerichtet werden könnte.