The pervasive role of defects in determining the thermal, mechanical, electrical, optical and magnetic properties of materials is significant as is the knowledge and operation of generation and control of defects in electronic materials. Developing novel semiconductor materials, however, requires new insights into the role of defects to achieve new properties. New experimental techniques must be developed to study defects in small structures. Research groups come together in this book from MRS to provide a vivid picture of the current problems, progress and methods in defect studies in electronic materials. Topics include new techniques in defect studies; processing induced defects, plasma-induced point defects; processing induced defects -defects and gate-oxide integrity; point defects and reaction; point defects and interactions in Si; impurity diffusion and hydrogen in Si; dislocations in group IV semiconductors; point defects and defect interactions in SiGe; point defects in III-V compounds; compensation and structural defects in III-V compounds and layers and structures.

Low-dielectric constant materials are needed to improve the performance and speed of future integrated circuits. In fact, the diversity of contributors to this book is testimony to the global significance of the topic to the future of semiconductor manufacturing. Presentations include those by semiconductor equipment manufacturers and chemical source suppliers, academia from six countries, four government laboratories and five major device manufacturers. Approaches to designing and implementing reduction in dielectric constant for intermetal dielectric materials are featured and range from the evolution of silicon dioxide to fluorinated silicate glass, to the use of inorganic/organic polymers and spin-on-material, to fluorinated diamond-like carbon and nanoporous silica. The book also addresses the practical aspects of the use of low-dielectric constant materials such as chemical mechanical polishing of these materials and optimization of wiring delays in devices utilizing low-k material.

The proliferation of lasers and systems employing lasers has brought with it the potential for adverse effects from these bright, coherent light sources. This includes the possibility of damage from pulsed lasers, as well as temporary blinding by continuous-waver lasers. With nearly every wavelength possible being emitted by these sources, there exists a need to develop optical limiters and tunable filters which can suppress undesired radiation of any wavelength. This book addresses a number of materials and devices which have the potential for meeting the challenge. The proceedings is divided into five parts. Parts I and II cover research in organic and inorganic materials primarily based on nonlinear absorption or phase transitions for optical limiting of pulsed lasers. Part III includes photo-refractive materials and liquid crystals which find primary applications in dynamic filters. Part IV covers various aspects of device and material characterization, including nonlinear beam propagation effects. Theoretical modelling of materials properties is the subject of Part V.

This volume deals with the technologies of crystal fabrication, of crystal machining, and of epilayer production and is the first book on industrial and scientific aspects of crystal and layer production. The major industrial crystals are treated: Si, GaAs, GaP, InP, CdTe, sapphire, oxide and halide scintillator crystals, crystals for optical, piezoelectric and microwave applications and more. Contains 29 contributions from leading crystal technologists covering the following topics: * General aspects of crystal growth technology * Silicon * Compound semiconductors * Oxides and halides * Crystal machining * Epitaxy and layer deposition Scientific and technological problems of production and machining of industrial crystals are discussed by top experts, most of them from the major growth industries and crystal growth centers. In addition, it will be useful for the users of crystals, for teachers and graduate students in materials sciences, in electronic and other functional materials, chemical and metallurgical engineering, micro-and optoelectronics including nanotechnology, mechanical engineering and precision-machining, microtechnology, and in solid-state sciences.

This book from MRS dedicated to III-Nitrides, focuses on developments in AlN, GaN, InN and their alloys that are now finding application in short-wavelength lasers (~400nm, cw at room temperature) and high-power electronics (2.8W/mm at GHz). Experts from fields including crystal growth, condensed matter theory, source chemistry, device processing and device design come together in the volume to address issues of both scientific and technological relevance. And while much of the book reports on advances in material preparation and the understanding of defect issues, similar advances in material and device processing are also reported. Topics include: growth and doping; substrates and substrate effects; characterization; processing and device performance and design.

After many years of research and development, silicon carbide has emerged as one of the most important wide band gap semiconductors. The first commercial SiC devices — power switching Schottky diodes and high temperature MESFETs — are now on the market. This two-volume book gives a comprehensive, up-to-date review of silicon carbide materials properties and devices. With contributions by recognized leaders in SiC technology and materials and device research, SiC Materials and Devices is essential reading for technologists, scientists and engineers who are working on silicon carbide or other wide band gap materials and devices. The volumes can also be used as supplementary textbooks for graduate courses on silicon carbide and wide band gap semiconductor technology.

This book provides an international and interdisciplinary forum for the discussion of advances in the research of nanophase and nanocomposites. The term 'nanophase' refers to nanoscale particles of one phase, whereas the term 'nanocomposite'refers to a composite of more than one Gibbsian solid phase where at least one dimension is in the nanometer range. The book, the second in a series, features reports showing that bulk materials with nanostructure (‹ 0.5µm) often have enhanced and unique properties when compared to their coarse-structured (›1µm) equivalents. A wide range of science and engineering disciplines are represented, with topics ranging from synthesis and processing, to properties and applications. Topics include: nanophase oxides; nanophase metals, alloys and non-oxides; nanophases - simulation studies; magnetic and metal nanocomposites; oxide, non-oxide and oxide-metal nanocomposites; organic-inorganic and sol-gel nanocomposites; and nanocomposites of layered and mesoporous materials.