In this volume of the Ancient Christian Texts series, William Weinrich renders a particular service to readers interested in ancient commentary on the Apocalypse by drawing together significant Latin commentaries from Victorinus of Petovium, Caesarius of Arles, Apringius of Beja and Bede the Venerable.

In this volume of the Ancient Christian Texts series, William Weinrich renders a particular service to readers interested in ancient commentary on the Apocalypse by drawing together significant Latin commentaries from Victorinus of Petovium, Caesarius of Arles, Apringius of Beja and Bede the Venerable.

Many commentaries on the Apocalypse were produced in the early Middle Ages. This book provides translations of two Apocalypse commentaries from the seventh and eighth centuries. On the Mysteries of the Apocalypse of John is part of a large one-volume "Reference Bible" composed about 750. Written probably by an Irish teacher residing in northern France, it answers difficulties arising from the biblical text. The Handbook on the Apocalypse of the Apostle John, attributed erroneously to Jerome and written before 767, contains brief moral and allegorical interpretations of particular words and phrases of the Apocalypse. The introduction highlights the unique features of each commentary and the interrelationship of the three texts.

Striking a balance between the symbolic language of the book and its literal, prophetic fulfillment, Andrew?s interpretation is a remarkably intelligent, spiritual, and thoughtful commentary that encourages the pursuit of virtue and confidence in the love of God for humanity

This book reveals how the Hammer and Sickle is a monogram of the three Greek letters, which number 616the number of the beast according to some ancient authorities and how the red star, hammer, and sickle actually represent the name Marx. The satanic roots of communism are explored, its persecution and manipulation of religion, and its perversion of the Gospel through liberation theology. The book examines how the communists are trying to create a socialist world government using environmentalism to restructure the West, having deceived it with perestroika.

Two opposing views of the future in the Middle Ages dominate recent historical scholarship. According to one opinion, medieval societies were expecting the near end of the world and therefore had no concept of the future. According to the other opinion, the expectation of the near end created a drive to change the world for the better and thus for innovation. Close inspection of the history of prognostication reveals the continuous attempts and multifold methods to recognize and interpret God’s will, the prodigies of nature, and the patterns of time. That proves, on the one hand, the constant human uncertainty facing the contingencies of the future. On the other hand, it demonstrates the firm believe during the Middle Ages in a future which could be shaped and even manipulated. The handbook provides the first overview of current historical research on medieval prognostication. It considers the entangled influences and transmissions between Christian, Jewish, Islamic, and non-monotheistic societies during the period from a wide range of perspectives. An international team of 63 renowned authors from about a dozen different academic disciplines contributed to this comprehensive overview.

The Companion to the New Testament offers intelligent enrichment for encounters with the New Testament. Covering both historical-critical approaches and the history of interpretation, it provides a launchpad for students wrestling with some of the complex debates and concerns presented by the canon. Contributors include: James Crossley, Rodolfo Galvan Estrada III, Michelle Fletcher, Michael Scott Robertson, Kelsie Rodenbiker, Sarah E. Rollens, Isaac T. Soon and Wei Hsien Wan.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Latin is the language in which the New Testament was copied, read, and studied for over a millennium. The remains of the initial 'Old Latin' version preserve important testimony for early forms of text and the way in which the Bible was understood by the first translators. Successive revisions resulted in a standard version subsequently known as the Vulgate which, along with the creation of influential commentaries by scholars such as Jerome and Augustine, shaped theology and exegesis for many centuries. Latin gospel books and other New Testament manuscripts illustrate the continuous tradition of Christian book culture, from the late antique codices of Roman North Africa and Italy to the glorious creations of Northumbrian scriptoria, the pandects of the Carolingian era, eleventh-century Giant Bibles, and the Paris Bibles associated with the rise of the university. In The Latin New Testament, H. A. G. Houghton provides a comprehensive introduction to the history and development of the Latin New Testament. Drawing on major editions and recent advances in scholarship, he offers a new synthesis which brings together evidence from Christian authors and biblical manuscripts from earliest times to the late Middle Ages. All manuscripts identified as containing Old Latin evidence for the New Testament are described in a catalogue, along with those featured in the two principal modern editions of the Vulgate. A user's guide is provided for these editions and the other key scholarly tools for studying the Latin New Testament.

In Revelation’s history, scholars have always assumed God’s violence was judgment. In Argument is War, however, Clifford T. Winters demonstrates that the “war” is using a conceptual metaphor to envision the restoration of Israel and, through them, the whole world.

Throughout the ages, various celestial and non-celestial phenomena have featured images portraying the nearness of the end of days or, in the New Testament, the Parousiawhich means the appearance of the second coming of Jesus. Many of these images and concepts are often misunderstood or misapplied. A primary purpose of this book is to correct the errant concepts believed to be true by many people because incorrect doctrine and teaching can have disastrous results. Many people today believe we are living in tumultuous times. However, to set or fix a precise date for the return of Jesus is unbiblical. This book will present a completely different view than what is commonly believed about the end times. By blending the concepts of many schools of thought and outright challenging others, the goal of this book is to help people understand the variety of views on the topic. In short, this book should be read first and then compared with what others are teaching and saying.